Abstract: This multi-author review by British editors is divided into background, history and current situation, ‘life-in’, variations on the model and, finally, research and evaluation. Multi-authorship has led to overlaps. It was pleasing to see the early pioneers described as ‘charismatic free-thinkers...imbued with ideological viewpoints and passion...experimenting’. Were there no evidence-based practice protocols? Within a referenced history, there are ample quotes from residents outlining the changes leading to the ‘new therapeutic communities’. Central throughout have been the Encounter Groups with the experience evolving; the move from behaviour modification to social learning, from confrontation to motivation. Also, there is the tension between professional input and the focus of the community being ‘self-help’ and ‘here and now’, plus the gradual erosion of insider/outsider divisions, to becoming part of the wider community. Authoritive, prescriptive and inflexible chapters are balanced by more personal portraits of therapeutic communities. Alan Woodham’s closing personal view of working in a therapeutic community is not covered elsewhere, yet needs to be heard by those thinking of this field or funding these groups. As for residents’ experiences, Keith Burnett provides a flowing association of thoughts with quotes from individuals. He addresses the problem of high drop-out rates, and offers solutions, not just leaving the responsibility on the ex-resident as being ‘not motivated’. Examples of how to, and how not to, set up a therapeutic community in prison, are given. Re-integration within the community has been neglected for too long and Paul Goodman and Karen Nolan give a frank view of resettlement. The chapter by Barbara Rawlings on evaluation, essential in any review, is an overview of the evidence beyond ‘improvements were greatest for those that stayed the longest’. Edle Ravndal gives details of one outcome study in Norway showing a methodology which others could well copy if they wish to remain financially sound.

Abstract: This manual has been developed as as a concise source of standardised information about hepatitis C to assist health care workers. The aim of this resource is to enhance the health outcomes of people affected or potentially affected by hepatitis C, by providing standardised, accurate and current information about hepatitis C and associated issues to a wide range of health care providers.

Abstract: This manual compiles basic but evidence-based prevention principles, planning rules and evaluation tips. Additionally, it provides related documentation or references for download; it is hoped that this additional material will be particularly useful for readers who have difficulty accessing the scientific prevention literature. To illustrate the theoretical discussion, an intervention example, partly based on a real-life situation, gives a practical perspective.

Abstract: This international report is the fourth from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study, a WHO collaborative cross-national study, and the most comprehensive. It presents the key findings on patterns of health among young people aged 11, 13 and 15 years in 41 countries and regions across the WHO European Region and North America in 2005/2006. Its theme is health inequalities: quantifying the gender, age, geographic and socioeconomic dimensions of health differentials. Its aim is to highlight where these inequalities exist, to inform and influence policy and practice and to help improve health for all young people. The report clearly shows that, while the health and well-being of many young people give cause for celebration, sizeable minorities are experiencing real and worrying problems related to overweight and obesity, self-esteem, life satisfaction, substance misuse and bullying. The report provides reliable data that health systems in Member States can use to support and encourage sectors such as education, social inclusion and housing, to achieve their primary goals and, in so doing, benefit young people’s health. Policy-makers and professionals in the participating countries should listen closely to the voices of their young people and ensure that these drive their efforts to put in place the circumstances – social, economic, health and educational – within which young people can thrive and prosper.

Abstract: This guide was written for people who are having problems related to alcohol and other drug use, their families, and anyone else wanting to gain a basic understanding of addiction, its treatment and management. The guide does not replace treatment from a physician or addiction treatment professional, but it could be used as a basis for questions and discussion.