Ufficio federale di statistica. (2010). Statistica criminale di polizia (SCP) : rapporto annuale 2009. Neuchâtel: Ufficio federale di statistica (UST).
Abstract: Risultato di una revisione di fondo della statistica criminale di polizia (SCP), il nuovo rapporto annuale fornisce per la prima volta un quadro nazionale dei reati registrati dalla polizia. L’elevato grado di dettaglio delle informazioni rilevate consente di illustrare i reati, le vittime e gli imputati (incl. età, sesso e nazionalità) e fornisce per determinati reati ulteriori informazioni concernenti i mezzi utilizzati o il luogo in cui è stato commesso il reato. Numerose rappresentazioni grafiche (p. es. frequenza secondo il cantone) completano inoltre il quadro della criminalità registrata in Svizzera.
Keywords: law enforcement; police; criminality; criminal offense; monitoring; statistical data; Switzerland; annual report
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various. (2011). Grand angle No 2/2011 : Un contact anonyme pour des enfants en détresse. Grand angle : magazine web d’Addiction info Suisse, (2; 04/2011), 14.
Abstract: Rien n’est plus aidant pour les enfants vivant avec un parent alcoolodépendant que des relations solides en dehors du cercle familial. Il n’est cependant pas facile du tout de construire de telles relations. Un nouveau site Internet d’Addiction Info Suisse, qui comprend un forum de discussion, entend devenir un premier point de contact anonyme pour les enfants concernés.
Keywords: alcohol; child; parental alcoholism; internet; interview; AOD dependence; addiction; Switzerland
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Lehmann, A., & Schaub Reisle, M. (1997). Jugendsport und Suchtprävention : Hintergrundinformationen und Impulse für Sportleiterinnen und Sportleiter. Bern; Magglingen: Bundesamt für Gesundheit (BAG); Eidgenössische Sportschule Magglingen.
Abstract: Richtet sich an Ausbildende von Leiter- und TrainerInnen sowie an SportleiterInnen, die Jugendliche trainieren. Vermittelt Präventionsfachleuten ein Sportverständnis, welches die Potenziale des Sports als Schutzraum und Lernfeld für Jugendliche aufzeigt.
Keywords: prevention
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Stöver, H., & Nelles, J. (2003). Ten years of experience with needle and syringe exchange programmes in European prisons : review. International journal of drug policy, 14(1), 437–444.
Abstract: Results of needle and syringe exchange programmes (SEPs) in prisons based on 10 years experience in Switzerland, Germany, Spain and Moldova are presented. SEPs have been introduced in 46 European prisons, predominantly as pilot projects. Forty-three of these projects were still operating at the time of writing. In 11 prisons, SEPs were evaluated to assess feasibility and efficacy. Results did not support fears that commonly arise in the start-up of implementation of SEPs. Syringe distribution was not followed by an increase in drug use or injection drug use. Syringes were not misused, and disposal of used syringes was uncomplicated. Sharing of syringes among drug users reduced. Based on these experiences, it can be concluded that in these settings harm reduction measures, including syringe exchange, were not only feasible but efficient. Despite these positive results, syringe exchange in prison is far from general acceptance. However, a governmental decree released in Spain in 2001 that all prisons in the country are required to provide drug users with sterile injection equipment may lead to a breakthrough of this harm reduction measure in the future. The discrepancy concerning the success of SEPs in prisons on the one hand and its low acceptance on the other hand is striking. Suggestions for the installation of SEPs in prison are given to assist a more objective discussion.
Keywords: harm reduction
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Wodak, A. (1993). Taming demons : the reduction of harm resulting from use of illicit drugs. International journal of drug policy, 4(2), 72–77.
Abstract: Restricting availability is the major response to illicit drugs in most Western countries including Australia. Prohibition may reduce harm when the drug in question is in low demand, controls are difficult to subvert, and when similar drugs are less toxic or unavailable. However, the health, social and economic costs of supply reduction are substantial and increasing for both injecting drug users and the general community. Population adjusted mortality of heroin users has doubled in Australia in the last decade. The possible impact of supply reduction policy on the spread of HIV infection among IDUs is an important but largely neglected consideration. The effectiveness of supply restriction policy in decreasing the availability of drugs or in reducing drug-related harm is unlikely to be increased significantly by more vigorous implementation of supply reduction or adoption of new technology. Conversely, on the basis of existing data, greater availability of HIV prevention measures attractive to the target population (including especially drug treatment such as methadone maintenance) is likely to be effective and cost-effective. The costs and benefits of innovative methods of providing currently illicit drugs to those who are determined to use them requires careful evaluation and comparison with existing policies. Policy on illicit drugs in most countries including Australia is still dominated by concern about drug use rather than focused on the need to reduce drug-related problems, which is the agreed aim of national drug policy.
Keywords: AOD use; illicit drug; harm reduction; prohibition (AOD public policy); cost (economic); cost-effectiveness; impact of policy or law; HIV infection; prevention; methadone maintenance; drug substitution therapy; cost-benefit analysis; Australia
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Hunt, N. (2004). Public health or human rights: what comes first? International journal of drug policy, 15(4; 09/2004), 231–237.
Abstract: Respect for human rights is a defining feature of harm reduction, which is commonly characterised as a public health-based movement. The importance it attaches to ‘user-friendliness’ and the view that drug users have a right to the same respect and dignity that other users of health and social care services receive is largely undisputed among harm reductionists. Within harm reduction there is also a developing discourse identifying drug use itself as a human right; nudging harm reduction towards being a rights based movement. This allows us to describe two philosophies of harm reduction: a ‘weak rights’ version, in which people are entitled to good treatment and a ‘strong rights’ version that additionally recognises a basic right to use drugs. Prioritising human rights or public health can lead to different concepts of harm reduction and different forms of ‘right action’. Privileging health may even, in some circumstances, be consistent with prohibitionary policies if these reduce harm. By contrast, the strong rights version of harm reduction subordinates public health considerations to the right to use drugs and implies support for policies that may sometimes increase harm. In the UK, the publication of ‘The Angel Declaration’, which recognises a right to use drugs and proposes a skeletal regulatory framework for a post-prohibition era, adds to the impetus for harm reductionists to clarify whether they fully embrace a right to use drugs within their understanding of harm reduction. This paper elaborates these issues in the context of the constraints upon the development of an evidence-based approach to controlling drug use that arise from the UN Conventions of 1961, 1971 and 1988.
Keywords: human rights; public health; AOD use; harm reduction
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European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, & European Commission. (2010). The European Union and the drug phenomenon : frequently asked questions. Brochures. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
Abstract: Respect for fundamental rights, protection of public health, well-being, social cohesion and security are the objectives that guide the actions taken by the European Union in the field of illicit drugs. The EU drugs strategy 2005–12 provides the framework for enhanced coordination between action taken at national, EU and international level and commits the members of the EU to tackle illicit drugs by striking a balance between reducing supply and demand. This joint publication between the EMCDDA and the European Commission brings together some of the key frequently asked questions on the EU’s drugs policy and how it functions. Further details can be found via the websites and other links provided at the end of each answer. The brochure exists in English and French language versions.
Keywords: addiction; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; chemical addiction; public health; public policy on AOD; illicit drug; coordination of activities; law enforcement; Europe; international area
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Observatoire européen des drogues et des toxicomanies, & Commission européenne (Eds.). (2010). L'Union européenne et le phénomène des drogues : questions fréquemment posées. Brochures. Luxembourg: Office des publications de l'Union européenne.
Abstract: Respect for fundamental rights, protection of public health, well-being, social cohesion and security are the objectives that guide the actions taken by the European Union in the field of illicit drugs. The EU drugs strategy 2005–12 provides the framework for enhanced coordination between action taken at national, EU and international level and commits the members of the EU to tackle illicit drugs by striking a balance between reducing supply and demand. This joint publication between the EMCDDA and the European Commission brings together some of the key frequently asked questions on the EU’s drugs policy and how it functions. Further details can be found via the websites and other links provided at the end of each answer. The brochure exists in English and French language versions.
Keywords: addiction; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; chemical addiction; public health; public policy on AOD; illicit drug; coordination of activities; law enforcement; Europe; international area
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various. (2002). Prosecution of drug users in Europe – varying pathways to similar objectives (N. Dorn, C. Black, D. Ballotta, B. Hughes, B. Lisgarten, G. Greenwood, et al., Eds.). Insights, 5. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
Abstract: Researching and analysing the responses of the criminal-justice systems to drug offenders throughout Europe is one of the EMCDDA’s priorities. This study is the result of a decision taken by the EMCDDA’s Management Board in 1999 to set up a legal information system on drugs. This study, focusing on the gap between law and practice, aims to highlight the real outcomes for individuals arrested for using and selling drugs and committing property crimes.
Keywords: laws and regulations; law enforcement; prosecution; AODR crime; drug dealing; Europe; European Union
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King's College. (2009). Skunk poses greatest risk of psychosis. London: Author.
Abstract: Researchers at the Institute of Psychiatry at King’s have found that people who smoke skunk, the most potent form of cannabis available in UK, are almost seven times more likely to develop psychotic illnesses than those who use traditional cannabis resin (hash) or grass.
Keywords: addiction; AOD dependence; chemical addiction; cannabis
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