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European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2010). Selected issue : Trends in injecting drug use in Europe : summary. Lisbon: European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA).
Abstract: This ‘Selected issue’ looks at the current situation in injecting drug use in Europe. Overall, two questions guide the report: What are the prevalence and trends in injecting drug use in today’s Europe? How do European countries try to prevent or reduce this type of drug use and the harms associated with it? Data from a variety of sources are analysed to estimate prevalence and trends in drug injecting in Europe. The most recent data point to injecting drug use remaining stable or declining in most European countries. Measures such as opioid substitution treatment and needle and syringe programmes, which aim to reduce injecting-related harms, now reach many of those who need them.
Keywords: intravenous injection; addiction; AOD dependence; chemical addiction; treatment and maintenance; patient; prevalence; risk-taking behavior; AOD effects and consequences; target group; intravenous drug user; drug substitution therapy; harm reduction; needle distribution and exchange; intervention (persuasion to treatment); route of administration by method or body site; history; Europe
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Federal Office of Public Health. (2008). National programme alcohol 2008-2012 : summary. Berne: Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH).
Keywords: government and politics; alcohol; Switzerland
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European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, & European Commission. (2010). The European Union and the drug phenomenon : frequently asked questions. Brochures. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
Abstract: Respect for fundamental rights, protection of public health, well-being, social cohesion and security are the objectives that guide the actions taken by the European Union in the field of illicit drugs. The EU drugs strategy 2005–12 provides the framework for enhanced coordination between action taken at national, EU and international level and commits the members of the EU to tackle illicit drugs by striking a balance between reducing supply and demand. This joint publication between the EMCDDA and the European Commission brings together some of the key frequently asked questions on the EU’s drugs policy and how it functions. Further details can be found via the websites and other links provided at the end of each answer. The brochure exists in English and French language versions.
Keywords: addiction; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; chemical addiction; public health; public policy on AOD; illicit drug; coordination of activities; law enforcement; Europe; international area
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World Health Organization. (2009). Working document for developing a draft global strategy to reduce harmful use of alcohol. Geneva: World Health Organization (WHO).
Keywords: government and politics; international area; alcohol; AOD public policy strategy
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United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, & Organization, W. H. (2009). UNODC-WHO Joint Programme on drug dependence treatment and care. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).
Keywords: public health; health promotion; cooperation; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; communicable disease; treatment and patient care; brochure
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World Health Organization. (2011). Addressing the harmful use of alcohol : a guide to developing effective alcohol regulation. World Health Organization (WHO).
Abstract: The legislation guide provides advice on approaches to alcohol regulation to support development of effective legislation appropriate to each country. It provides practical advice based on international experience about the implications of legislative options, steps to be taken to implement legislation and best practice on how to enforce legislation and support compliance. The policy options covered are taxation and pricing, regulating the sale of alcohol to the public, minimum age restrictions, alcohol marketing and drink driving.
Keywords: alcohol; public health; taxes; legal regulation; laws and regulations; government and politics; cost-effectiveness; monitoring; law enforcement; advertising; drinking and driving; recommendations or guidelines
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World Health Organization. (2009). Strategy for integrating gender analysis and actions into the work of WHO. World Health Organization (WHO).
Abstract: This document presents the World Health Organization’s strategy for integrating gender analysis and actions into its work. It also reproduces resolution WHO60.25 which was adopted by the Sixtieth World Health Assembly in May 2007. The strategy elaborates four strategic directions that aim to enhance and expand WHO’s capacity to analyse the role of gender and sex in health and to monitor and address systemic and avoidable gender-based inequalities in health, as follows: building WHO capacity for gender analysis and planning; bringing gender into the mainstream of WHO’s management; promoting use of sex-disaggregated data and gender analysis; and establishing accountability. It is intended for all WHO managers, technical and administrative staff because gender is a cross-cutting issue.
Keywords: gender; health; social equality; recommendations or guidelines
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Swiss Toxicological Information Centre. (2011). Health problems due to the use of illicit drugs at techno parades and open air festivals. Zurich: Swiss Toxicological Information Centre (STIC).
Keywords: AOD use; illicit drug; nightlife; research chemical
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Home Office. (2006). Tackling drugs – saving drives : Home Office diversity manual. London: Central Office of Information (COI).
Abstract: It is essential that the Government’s strategies for tackling crime and drug misuse provide services and interventions to all those who need them, including engaging all of Britain’s diverse communities. This manual is intended as a tool that may be employed by regional crime and drug teams and local partnerships to assist in: – understanding the legislation requiring public sector bodies to eliminate discrimination and promote equality; – identifying key tasks relating to diversity; – identifying the needs of all local communities; – engaging local communities; and – delivering services appropriate to the needs of specific communities.
Keywords: diversity; workplace context; drug consumption; gay male; lesbian; community involvement; United Kingdom; Europe
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European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, & Europol. (2010). Amphetamine: a European Union perspective in the global context. Joint publications, (3). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
Abstract: This report is the third in a series of European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA)–Europol joint publications dedicated to prevalent illicit drugs. It focuses on amphetamine, a substance belonging to the family often referred to as amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS), which covers two main groups of substances: the ‘amphetamines’, which includes amphetamine, methamphetamine and related substances, and the ‘ecstasy-type’ drugs, which includes methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and its close relatives methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA). This study focuses on amphetamine production and markets in Europe, set in a global context. The first two EMCDDA–Europol joint publications were dedicated to methamphetamine and cocaine, while ecstasy-type substances, heroin and cannabis will be addressed in future publications.
Keywords: addiction; AOD dependence; chemical addiction; amphetamines; illegal production of drugs; drug trafficking; drug market; international area; Europe
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