| Records |
| Author |
Kuendig, Hervé; Hasselberg, Marie; Gmel, Gerhard; Daeppen, Jean-Bernard; Laflamme, Lucie |
| Title |
Acute and usual drinking among emergency trauma patients: a study on alcohol consumption and injury patterns |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Injury prevention |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
15 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
270-274 |
| Keywords |
addiction; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; chemical addiction; alcohol; AOD consumption; AOD effects and consequences; injury; risk factors; study; Switzerland; Lausanne |
| Abstract |
Objective: To investigate the relationship between usual and acute alcohol consumption among injured patients and, when combined, how they covary with other injury attributes. Methods: Data from a randomised sample of 486 injured patients interviewed in an emergency department (Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland) were analysed using the χ2 test for independence and cluster analysis. Results: Acute alcohol consumption (24.7%) was associated with usual drinking and particularly with high volumes of consumption. Six injury clusters were identified. Over-representations of acute consumption were found in a cluster typical of injuries sustained through interpersonal violence and in another formed by miscellaneous circumstances. A third cluster, typical of sports injuries, was linked to a group of frequent heavy episodic drinkers (without acute consumption). Conclusions: Among injured patients, acute alcohol consumption is common and associated with usual drinking. Acute and/or usual consumption form part of some, but not all, injury clusters. |
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English |
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| ISSN |
1475-5785 |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
50-11638 |
Serial |
59918 |
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| Author |
Kuendig, Hervé; Hasselberg, Marie; Laflamme, Lucie; Daeppen, Jean-Bernard; Gmel, Gerhard |
| Title |
Acute alcohol consumption and injury : risk associations and attributable fractions for different injury mechanisms |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
69 |
Issue |
2; 03/2008 |
Pages |
218-226 |
| Keywords |
addiction; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; chemical addiction; alcohol; AOD consumption; AOD effects and consequences; AODR violence; injury; risk factors; prevention; intervention (persuasion to treatment); study; Switzerland; Lausanne |
| Abstract |
OBJECTIVE: Most studies on alcohol as a risk factor for injuries have been mechanism specific, and few have considered several mechanisms simultaneously or reported alcohol-attributable fractions (AAFs)-which was the aim of the current study. METHOD: Data from 3,592 injured and 3,489 noninjured patients collected between January 2003 and June 2004 in the surgical ward of the emergency department of the Lausanne University Hospital (Switzerland) were analyzed. Four injury mechanisms derived from the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, were considered: transportation-related injuries, falls, exposure to forces and other events, and interpersonal violence. Multinomial logistic regression models were calculated to estimate the risk relationships of different levels of alcohol consumption, using noninjured patients as quasi-controls. The AAFs were then calculated. RESULTS: Risk relationships between injury and acute consumption were found across all mechanisms, commonly resulting in dose-response relationships. Marked differences between mechanisms were observed for relative risks and AAFs, which varied between 15.2% and 33.1% and between 10.1% and 35.9%, depending on the time window of consumption (either 6 hours or 24 hours before injury, respectively). Low and medium levels of alcohol consumption generally were associated with the most AAFs. CONCLUSIONS: This study underscores the implications of even low levels of alcohol consumption on the risk of sustaining injuries through any of the mechanisms considered. Substantial AAFs are reported for each mechanism, particularly for injuries resulting from interpersonal violence. Observation of a so-called preventive paradox phenomenon is discussed, and prevention or intervention measures are described. |
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0096-882x |
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no |
| Call Number |
50-11637 |
Serial |
59917 |
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| Author |
Stöver, Heino |
| Title |
Opioid substitution treatment (OST) for prisoners : practices, problems and perspectives = Substitutionsbehandlung mit Opioiden für Strafgefangene : Praxis, Probleme und Zukunftsperspektiven |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Akzeptanzorientierte Drogenarbeit = Acceptance-oriented drug work |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
7 |
Issue |
12.08.2010 |
Pages |
20-32 |
| Keywords |
treatment and maintenance; drug substitution therapy; prison; Germany |
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| ISSN |
1861-0110 |
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no |
| Call Number |
50-11487 |
Serial |
59913 |
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| Author |
Meyer, Roger E. |
| Title |
The disease called addiction : emerging evidence in a 200-year debate |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
The Lancet |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
347 |
Issue |
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Pages |
162-166 |
| Keywords |
addiction; history |
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English |
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0140-6736 |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
50-11023 |
Serial |
59892 |
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| Author |
Velicer, W. F.; Prochaska, J. O.; Fava, J. L.; Norman, G. J.; Redding, C. A. |
| Title |
Smoking cessation and stress management : applications of the transtheoretical model of behavior change |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Homeostasis |
Abbreviated Journal |
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38 |
Issue |
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Pages |
216-233 |
| Keywords |
smoking; cessation of AODU; treatment goals; overview |
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Nicht Originalartikel |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
50-10884 |
Serial |
59874 |
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| Author |
Daeppen, Jean-Bernard |
| Title |
Screening and brief alcohol interventions in trauma centres |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Swiss Medical Weekly |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
133 |
Issue |
37-38; 26.09.2003 |
Pages |
495-500 |
| Keywords |
alcohol; brief intervention; trauma center; injury; screening and diagnostic method for AOD use |
| Abstract |
A third of all trauma beds are occupied by patients injured while under the influence of alcohol, yet trauma centres currently treat the injury and ignore the underlying alcohol problem. The incorporation of brief interventions to motivate patients to reduce alcohol intake has been associated with a reduction of their drinking and a resultant decrease in health care costs. While trauma centres are ideally situated for alcohol screening, interventions, and referral, the efficacy of such a program should be confirmed and the strategies for its optimal implementation in the routine practise of care should be further evaluated. |
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English |
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1424-3997 |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
50-10687 |
Serial |
59871 |
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| Author |
Hawkins, J. David; Oesterle, Sabrina; Brown, Eric C.; Arthur, Michael W.; Abbott, Robert D.; Fagan, Abigail A.; Catalano, Richard F. |
| Title |
Results of a type 2 translational research trial to prevent adolescent drug use and delinquency : a test of Communities That Care |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Archives of pediatrics and adolescent medicine |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
163 |
Issue |
9; 09/2009 |
Pages |
789-798 |
| Keywords |
prevention; adolescent; criminality; United States |
| Abstract |
Objective To test whether the Communities That Care (CTC) prevention system reduces adolescent alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use and delinquent behavior communitywide. Design The Community Youth Development Study is the first randomized trial of CTC. Setting In 2003, 24 small towns in 7 states, matched within state, were randomly assigned to control or CTC conditions. Participants A panel of 4407 fifth-grade students was surveyed annually through eighth grade. Intervention A coalition of community stakeholders received training and technical assistance to install the CTC prevention system. They used epidemiological data to identify elevated risk factors and depressed protective factors in the community, and chose and implemented tested programs to address their community’s specific profile from a menu of effective programs for families, schools, and youths aged 10 to 14 years. Main Outcome Measures Incidence and prevalence of alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use and delinquent behavior by spring of grade 8. Results The incidences of alcohol, cigarette and smokeless tobacco initiation, and delinquent behavior were significantly lower in CTC than in control communities for students in grades 5 through 8. In grade 8, the prevalences of alcohol and smokeless tobacco use in the last 30 days, binge drinking in the last 2 weeks, and the number of different delinquent behaviors committed in the last year were significantly lower for students in CTC communities. Conclusion Using the CTC system to reduce health-risking behaviors in adolescents can significantly reduce these behaviors communitywide. |
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English |
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| ISSN |
1072-4710 |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
50-10599 |
Serial |
59867 |
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| Author |
Smith, Lesley A.; Foxcroft, David R. |
| Title |
The effect of alcohol advertising, marketing and portrayal on drinking behaviour in young people : systematic review of prospective cohort studies |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
BioMed Central Public Health |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
51; 06.02.2009 |
Pages |
11 |
| Keywords |
AOD use; alcohol; adolescent; young adult; marketing; advertising; AOD product advertising; exposure to AOD ad; media |
| Abstract |
Background: The effect of alcohol portrayals and advertising on the drinking behaviour of young people is a matter of much debate. We evaluated the relationship between exposure to alcohol advertising, marketing and portrayal on subsequent drinking behaviour in young people by systematic review of cohort (longitudinal) studies. Methods: studies were identified in October 2006 by searches of electronic databases, with no date restriction, supplemented with hand searches of reference lists of retrieved articles. Cohort studies that evaluated exposure to advertising or marketing or alcohol portrayals and drinking at baseline and assessed drinking behaviour at follow-up in young people were selected and reviewed. Results: seven cohort studies that followed up more than 13,000 young people aged 10 to 26 years old were reviewed. The studies evaluated a range of different alcohol advertisement and marketing exposures including print and broadcast media. Two studies measured the hours of TV and music video viewing. All measured drinking behaviour using a variety of outcome measures. Two studies evaluated drinkers and non-drinkers separately. Baseline non-drinkers were significantly more likely to have become a drinker at follow-up with greater exposure to alcohol advertisements. There was little difference in drinking frequency at follow-up in baseline drinkers. In studies that included drinkers and non-drinkers, increased exposure at baseline led to significant increased risk of drinking at follow-up. The strength of the relationship varied between studies but effect sizes were generally modest. All studies controlled for age and gender, however potential confounding factors adjusted for in analyses varied from study to study. Important risk factors such as peer drinking and parental attitudes and behaviour were not adequately accounted for in some studies. Conclusion: data from prospective cohort studies suggest there is an association between exposure to alcohol advertising or promotional activity and subsequent alcohol consumption in young people. Inferences about the modest effect sizes found are limited by the potential influence of residual or unmeasured confounding. |
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1471-2458 |
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no |
| Call Number |
50-10224 |
Serial |
59860 |
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| Author |
Seivewright, Nicholas; Donmall, Michael; Daly, Christopher |
| Title |
Benzodiazepines in the illicit drugs scene: The picture and some treatment dilemmas |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1993 |
Publication |
International journal of drug policy |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
4 |
Issue |
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Pages |
42-48 |
| Keywords |
addiction; AOD dependence; chemical addiction; benzodiazepines |
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0955-3959 (Print); 1873-4758 (Electronic) |
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no |
| Call Number |
50-10104 |
Serial |
59855 |
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| Author |
Strang, John; Griffiths, Paul; Abbey, Jenny; Gossop, Michael |
| Title |
Survey of use of injected benzodiazepines among drug users in Britain |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
British medical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
308 |
Issue |
6936; 23.04.1994 |
Pages |
1082 |
| Keywords |
addiction; AOD dependence; chemical addiction; benzodiazepines |
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English |
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0959-535x; 0959-8146 |
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no |
| Call Number |
50-10105 |
Serial |
59856 |
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