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Hüsler, G., & Plancherel, B. (2007). Social integration of adolescents at risk : results from a cohort study. Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies, 2(3; 12/2007), 215–226.
Abstract: Using a sample of 614 youths, this study examined differences and similarities between adolescents at risk (age range 11-20 years), and their integration in school or vocational training. We found that mood states (depression, anxiety), secure self (self-esteem and self-efficacy), relationship with parents, delinquency and substance use (alcohol, tobacco and cannabis) were variables which largely influenced social integration (school, work) for youths with poor sociodemographic backgrounds. An important variable we introduced here was sociodemographic background, which investigated the social situation of a youth. We distinguished two different groups (good vs. poor sociodemographic background). There were important differences between both groups. Youths with a poor sociodemographic background scored higher in suicidality and health complaints. The most striking differences were in substance use and delinquency. The structural equation model showed that poor mood was related to substance use at the start. Important paths were found in mood states over time, as for substance use, but interactions between both variables were small. We ran different models (poor vs. good social background, Swiss vs. migrant youths), and concluded that secure self and good family relations protected against poor mood and substance use and both variables indirectly influenced integration 2-3 years later.
Keywords: target group; adolescent; high-risk youth; social integration; school; work; family; criminality; juvenile delinquency; AOD use; alcohol; tobacco product; illicit drug; cannabis; Switzerland
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Schäffler, F. (2010). In die Jahre gekommen – ältere KonsumentInnen illegalisierter Drogen und ihre aktuelle Situation. Akzeptanzorientierte Drogenarbeit = Acceptance-oriented drug work, 7(20.11.2010), 54–60.
Abstract: Vor dem Hintergrund des Wandels restriktiver Drogenpolitik, hin zu liberaleren Ansätzen, kommen mittlerweile immer mehr DrogenkonsumentInnen in ein höheres Lebensalter. Dies geht einher mit veränderten Lebensumständen und Bedürfnissen: Eine Situation, auf die weder Sucht- noch Altenhilfe vorbereitet sind. Welche Hilfen kann Soziale Arbeit durch bestehende Systeme leisten und welche Angebote müssen bereitgestellt werden?
Keywords: AOD user; elderly; old age; social work service; Germany
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Kuendig, H., Laflamme, L., Gmel, G., Daeppen, J. - B., & Hasselberg, M. (2010). Time of injury in light of prior-to-injury and usual alcohol consumption: an emergency department study. Open access emergency medicine, (2; 16.08.2010), 61–66.
Abstract: Purpose: To investigate how prior-to-injury and usual alcohol consumption relate to time of injury. Patients and methods: The associations between injury time of day and day of week and prior-to-injury (labeled as “acute”) alcohol intake and hazardous usual alcohol consumption (considered from the point of view of both heavy episodic drinking [HED] and risky volumes of consumption) are assessed using interview data from a randomized sample of 486 injured patients treated in a Swiss emergency department (ED; Lausanne University Hospital). Results: Acute consumption was associated with both injury time of day and day of week, HED with day of week only, and risky volume with none. Conclusions: Acute consumption and HED, but not risky volume of consumption, show specific time distributions for injuries. These findings highlight the potential importance of considering the time dimension of an injury when providing emergency care and have additional implications for interventions aimed at influencing the alcohol consumption of injured patients presenting to the ED.
Keywords: addiction; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; chemical addiction; alcohol; AOD consumption; AOD effects and consequences; injury; time of day; day of the week; public health; intervention (persuasion to treatment); emergency care; study; Switzerland; Lausanne
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Kuendig, H., Hasselberg, M., Laflamme, L., Daeppen, J. - B., & Gmel, G. (2008). alcohol and nonlethal injuries: a Swiss emergency department study on the risk relationship between acute alcohol consumption and type of injury. Journal of trauma : injury, infection, and critical care, 65(1), 203–211.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Acute alcohol consumption has been reported to be an important risk factor for injury, but clear scientific evidence on issues such as injury type is not available. The present study aims to improve the knowledge of the importance of alcohol consumption as an injury determinant with regards to two dimensions of the type of injury, namely the nature and the body region involved. METHODS: Risk relationships between two injury type components and acute alcohol use were estimated through multinomial and logistic regression models based on data from 7,529 patients-among whom 3,682 had injury diagnoses-gathered in a Swiss emergency department. RESULTS: Depending on the type of injury, between 31.1% and 48.7% of casualties report alcohol use before emergency department attendance. The multinomial regression models show that even low alcohol levels are consistently associated with nearly all natures of injury and body regions. A persistent dose-response effect between alcohol levels and risk associations was observed for almost all injury types. CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the importance and consistency of the risk association between low and moderate levels of acute alcohol consumption and all types of injury. None of the body regions and natures of injury could pride on absence of association between alcohol and injury. Public health, prevention, and care implications are considered.
Keywords: addiction; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; chemical addiction; alcohol; AOD consumption; AOD effects and consequences; injury; risk factors; public health; prevention; emergency care; study; Switzerland; Lausanne
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Kuendig, H., Hasselberg, M., Gmel, G., Daeppen, J. - B., & Laflamme, L. (2009). Acute and usual drinking among emergency trauma patients: a study on alcohol consumption and injury patterns. Injury prevention, 15(4), 270–274.
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the relationship between usual and acute alcohol consumption among injured patients and, when combined, how they covary with other injury attributes. Methods: Data from a randomised sample of 486 injured patients interviewed in an emergency department (Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland) were analysed using the χ2 test for independence and cluster analysis. Results: Acute alcohol consumption (24.7%) was associated with usual drinking and particularly with high volumes of consumption. Six injury clusters were identified. Over-representations of acute consumption were found in a cluster typical of injuries sustained through interpersonal violence and in another formed by miscellaneous circumstances. A third cluster, typical of sports injuries, was linked to a group of frequent heavy episodic drinkers (without acute consumption). Conclusions: Among injured patients, acute alcohol consumption is common and associated with usual drinking. Acute and/or usual consumption form part of some, but not all, injury clusters.
Keywords: addiction; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; chemical addiction; alcohol; AOD consumption; AOD effects and consequences; injury; risk factors; study; Switzerland; Lausanne
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Kuendig, H., Hasselberg, M., Laflamme, L., Daeppen, J. - B., & Gmel, G. (2008). Acute alcohol consumption and injury : risk associations and attributable fractions for different injury mechanisms. Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs, 69(2; 03/2008), 218–226.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Most studies on alcohol as a risk factor for injuries have been mechanism specific, and few have considered several mechanisms simultaneously or reported alcohol-attributable fractions (AAFs)-which was the aim of the current study. METHOD: Data from 3,592 injured and 3,489 noninjured patients collected between January 2003 and June 2004 in the surgical ward of the emergency department of the Lausanne University Hospital (Switzerland) were analyzed. Four injury mechanisms derived from the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, were considered: transportation-related injuries, falls, exposure to forces and other events, and interpersonal violence. Multinomial logistic regression models were calculated to estimate the risk relationships of different levels of alcohol consumption, using noninjured patients as quasi-controls. The AAFs were then calculated. RESULTS: Risk relationships between injury and acute consumption were found across all mechanisms, commonly resulting in dose-response relationships. Marked differences between mechanisms were observed for relative risks and AAFs, which varied between 15.2% and 33.1% and between 10.1% and 35.9%, depending on the time window of consumption (either 6 hours or 24 hours before injury, respectively). Low and medium levels of alcohol consumption generally were associated with the most AAFs. CONCLUSIONS: This study underscores the implications of even low levels of alcohol consumption on the risk of sustaining injuries through any of the mechanisms considered. Substantial AAFs are reported for each mechanism, particularly for injuries resulting from interpersonal violence. Observation of a so-called preventive paradox phenomenon is discussed, and prevention or intervention measures are described.
Keywords: addiction; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; chemical addiction; alcohol; AOD consumption; AOD effects and consequences; AODR violence; injury; risk factors; prevention; intervention (persuasion to treatment); study; Switzerland; Lausanne
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Klein, M., Semmann, E., Lindenmeyer, J., & McMurran, M. (2010). Modularisierte Psychotherapie alkoholabhängiger Männer mit Vorgeschichte hinsichtlich Gewaltverhaltens in der Familie : das TAVIM-Behandlungsprogramm = Modularized psychotherapy with alcohol dependent men with previous violent behaviour within the family : the TAVIM-treatment programme. Suchttherapie : Prävention, Behandlung, wissenschaftliche Grundlagen, 11(2; 05/2010), 74–78.
Abstract: Es wird das im Rahmen des europäischen DAPHNE-Programms entwicklelte und erprobte Interventionsprogramm TAVIM vorgestellt. Dieses modularisierte Therapieprogramm ist zur Behandlung alkoholabhängiger Männer mit einer Vorgeschichte hinsichtlich physischer Gewalttäterschaft gegenüber Partnerin und Kindern geeignet. Es besteht aus 10 Gruppensitzungen und 4 Einzelsitzungen. TAVIM ist verhaltenstherapeutisch konstruiert und kann sowohl im abulanten als auch im stationären Kontext angewendet werden. The TAVIM (Treatment of alcoholic Violent Men)-programme is presented. This has been developed and applied with support by the European DAPHNE-programme. TAVIM ist a modularized therapy approach consisting of 10 group an 4 single sessions aiming to reduce the risk of violent behaviour under the influence of alcohol. It is a behaviourally orientated programme that can be applied to outpatient as well as to inpatient men.
Keywords: treatment and maintenance; inpatient care; outpatient care; behavior therapy; AOD dependence; chemical addiction; alcohol; AOD use behavior; violence; target group; man; family; international area
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Schulte-Scherlebeck, C. (2010). Substitutionsbehandlungen Opiatabhängiger im Strafvollzug – Einblicke in Problematiken und Konfliktbereiche der praktischen Behandlungsumsetzung am Beispiel der Justizvollzugsanstalten im Bundesland Nordrhein-Westfalen = Opioid substitution treatment (OST) and imprisonment – an insight into problems and conflict areas surrounding the implementation of OST, demonstra-ted by the example of prisons in the Federal State of North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Akzeptanzorientierte Drogenarbeit = Acceptance-oriented drug work, 7(25.08.2010), 37–53.
Keywords: treatment and maintenance; drug substitution therapy; AOD dependent; chemical addiction; opioids in any form; prison; Germany; North Rhine-Westphalia
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Bruggmann, P. (2010). Neue Wege in der Hepatitis-C-Therapie : bessere, niederschwellige Bedingungen für die medikamentöse Behandlung schaffen. Ars medici : Schweizer Zeitschrift für Allgemeinmedizin = journal suisse de médecine générale = rivista svizzera di medicina generale, 100(21; 25.10.2010), 858–860.
Abstract: 4 von 5 künftigen Patienten mit chronischer Hepatitis C sind Drogenkonsumenten. Im Missverhältnis dazu steht die Anzahl der Behandelten. Um diese Epidemie und die damit verbundenen Kosten in den Griff zu bekommen, müssen in der Hepatitis-C-Therapie dringend neue Wege begangen werden.
Keywords: health promotion; public health; treatment and maintenance; medical treatment method; AOD user; AOD dependent; viral hepatitis; hepatitis C; Switzerland
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Stöver, H. (2010). Opioid substitution treatment (OST) for prisoners : practices, problems and perspectives = Substitutionsbehandlung mit Opioiden für Strafgefangene : Praxis, Probleme und Zukunftsperspektiven. Akzeptanzorientierte Drogenarbeit = Acceptance-oriented drug work, 7(12.08.2010), 20–32.
Keywords: treatment and maintenance; drug substitution therapy; prison; Germany
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