Beyer, H. (1996). Stationäre Rehabilitation. In Deutsche Hauptstelle gegen die Suchtgefahren (Ed.), Jahrbuch Sucht 1997 (pp. 162–168). Jahrbuch Sucht. Geesthacht: Neuland-Verlagsgesellschaft.
Keywords: treatment and maintenance; inpatient care; rehabilitation; law; legal regulation; Germany
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various. (2008). Drug use, impaired driving and traffic accidents (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Ed.). Insights, 8. Lisbon; Luxembourg: European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA); Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
Keywords: europe; drug; addiction; journal
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Tossmann, H. - P., Leuschner, F., Simon, R., Hillebrand, J., & Pirona, A. (2009). Internet-based drug treatment interventions : best practice and applications in EU member states (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Ed.). Insights, 10. Lisbon; Luxembourg: European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA); Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
Keywords: treatment and maintenance; internet; Europe; European Union
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King, L. A. (2004). An overview of cannabis potency in Europe. Insights, 6. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
Abstract: Cannabis is the illegal substance most commonly used in all countries of the European Union. The increased use of cannabis during the past decade has increased the profile of the drug. Used mainly by young adults, but also by many schoolchildren, cannabis is a drug consumed by individuals during their formative years, at a time when they may be more vulnerable to the long-term harmful effects of drug use. Comments in the media and elsewhere of a large increase in the potency of cannabis have raised concerns that the drug now available is much stronger than that available in the past.
Keywords: AOD use, abuse, and dependence; illicit drug; cannabis; cannabis product; medical use of marijuana; AOD use behavior; AOD effects and consequences; target group; adolescent; child; Europe
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various. (2000). Reviewing current practice in drug-substitution treatment in the European Union (M. Farrell, S. Howes, A. Verster, M. Davoli, U. Solberg, G. Greenwood, et al., Eds.). Insights, 3. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
Abstract: This volume is the result of an EMCDDA-commissioned study carried out in 1998 and 1999 into one of the most widely discussed drug-related topics in Europe today: substitution treatment. The study was prompted by the lively debate on the issue in the mid-1990s, when Switzerland launched its first heroin trial, France began buprenorphine treatment and methadone programmes expanded rapidly throughout Europe. These initiatives led to an increased focus on substitution treatment and to the trajectories it was to follow in the future. The volume opens with a historical overview of substitution treatment, the development of methadone maintenance and other substitution services and a section on monitoring and evaluation. It closes with a series of country profiles for each of the then 15 EU Member States, all containing an introduction to substitution treatment in the country concerned.
Keywords: treatment and maintenance; drug substitution therapy; methadone maintenance; buprenorphine maintenance; heroin-assisted treatment; Switzerland; Europe; European Union
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Rhodes, T., Barnard, M., Fountain, J., Hariga, F., Avilés, N. R., Vicente, J., et al. (2001). Injecting drug use, risk behaviour and qualitative research in the time of AIDS (T. Rhodes, G. Greenwood, & K. Robertson, Eds.). Insights, 4. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
Abstract: Injecting is one of the main causes of health damage related to illegal drug use today. It is strongly related to fatal and non-fatal overdoses, as well as to the transmission of infectious diseases, such as hepatitis B and C, and HIV infection. Yet studying drug injection is no easy task, due to its hidden nature and low prevalence in general population terms. It is necessary to understand why and how people decide to engage in such dangerous behaviour, and to analyse how drug injectors perceive risk. There are fundamental issues that need to be understood in order to interpret and better use epidemiological quantitative data on the subject. This publication is the result of a review undertaken by the EMCDDA working group on injecting drug use and risk behaviour. It helps in understanding injecting drug use and its adverse health consequences, particularly risk behaviour associated with the transmission of HIV.
Keywords: AOD use, abuse, and dependence; chemical addiction; intravenous drug user; AOD induced risk; AODR mortality; infection; HIV infection; Aids; hepatitis B; hepatitis C; Europe; European Union
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Bühler, A., & Kröger, C. (2008). Prevention of substance abuse. Insights, 7. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
Abstract: This publication provides information on best practice in drug prevention at European, national, regional and municipal level. It is a translation of a German study commissioned by the Federal Centre for Health Education, Cologne. While, in some sections, reference is made particularly to Germany, the publication’s conclusions are international, providing added value for a pan-European or global readership. It is hoped that the publication will help accelerate the development in Member States of quality standards for prevention projects and training requirements for prevention workers.
Keywords: prevention; prevention directed at groups; prevention outcome; research; Germany; Europe
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various. (2002). Prosecution of drug users in Europe – varying pathways to similar objectives (N. Dorn, C. Black, D. Ballotta, B. Hughes, B. Lisgarten, G. Greenwood, et al., Eds.). Insights, 5. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
Abstract: Researching and analysing the responses of the criminal-justice systems to drug offenders throughout Europe is one of the EMCDDA’s priorities. This study is the result of a decision taken by the EMCDDA’s Management Board in 1999 to set up a legal information system on drugs. This study, focusing on the gap between law and practice, aims to highlight the real outcomes for individuals arrested for using and selling drugs and committing property crimes.
Keywords: laws and regulations; law enforcement; prosecution; AODR crime; drug dealing; Europe; European Union
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various. (2008). Assessing illicit drugs in wastewater : potential and limitations of a new monitoring approach (N. Frost, & P. Griffiths, Eds.). Insights, 9. Lisbon; Luxembourg: European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA); Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
Abstract: This report presents a number of contributions that relate to analysing communal wastewaters for drugs and their metabolic products in order to estimate their consumption in the community. This area of work is developing in a multidisciplinary fashion, involving scientists working in different research areas. For this reason, the contributions to this publication come from a variety of different perspectives including: analytical chemistry, physiology and biochemistry, sewage engineering, spatial epidemiology and statistics, and conventional drug epidemiology.
Keywords: addiction; chemical addiction; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; epidemiology; chemistry; physical and chemical analysis and measurement; Europe
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Strang, J., Groshkova, T., & Metrebian, N. (2012). New heroin-assisted treatment : recent evidence and current practices of supervised injectable heroin treatment in Europe and beyond. Insights, 11. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
Abstract: The prescription of substitution drugs, such as methadone and buprenorphine, has become a mainstream, first-line treatment for opioid dependence, with around 700 000 of Europe’s 1.3 million problem opioid users receiving substitution treatment today. But a small minority of entrenched opioid users repeatedly fails to respond to interventions of this kind. Findings from international trials now suggest that the supervised use of medicinal heroin can be an effective second-line treatment for this small, and previously unresponsive, group. In this latest EMCDDA Insights report, experts describe the development as “an important clinical step forward”. The report provides the first state-of-the-art overview of research on the subject, examining the latest evidence and clinical experience in this area in Europe and beyond.
Keywords: harm reduction; addiction; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; heroin; heroin-assisted treatment; methadone; drug substitution therapy; research; international area; Europe; report
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