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Burkhart, G. (2010). Prevention and evaluation resources kit (PERK) : a manual for prevention professionals (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Ed.). Manuals. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
Abstract: This manual compiles basic but evidence-based prevention principles, planning rules and evaluation tips. Additionally, it provides related documentation or references for download; it is hoped that this additional material will be particularly useful for readers who have difficulty accessing the scientific prevention literature. To illustrate the theoretical discussion, an intervention example, partly based on a real-life situation, gives a practical perspective.
Keywords: prevention; assessment; program planning, implementation, and evaluation; program planning; program implementation; program evaluation; prevention outcome; training manual
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various. (2010). Guidelines for collecting data on retail drug prices in Europe : issues and challenges (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Ed.). Manuals, 5. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
Abstract: Prices are an essential element of the illicit drug market, from both a supply and demand perspective. They are an indicator of drug availability and are an important tool for understanding the workings of drug supply mechanisms. They may also be used to help target law enforcement resources and assist criminal justice agencies with decisions related to prosecution and sentencing (e.g. assets recovery). The EMCDDA has been collecting information on retail drug prices via its Reitox focal points for the last 15 years. Although considerable progress has been made in this area, there is still variation in data collection in Europe. To address this issue, the EMCDDA has released these Guidelines for collecting data on retail drug prices in Europe: issues and challenges in its Manuals series. The Manual raises awareness on specific issues related to collecting data on retail drug prices and offers practical suggestions. It addresses difficulties in obtaining a definition of ’retail’ prices, and discusses the challenge of obtaining a representative sample of illicit, and therefore hidden, transactions. Suggestions are made for a minimum set of variables to be recorded for each observation. Targeted at all those involved in data collection on drug prices in Europe, the Manual reviews the main data-collection methods, current national practices and data-management issues.
Keywords: research; data collection; price and pricing; illicit drug; recommendations or guidelines; Europe
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various. (2007). Guidelines for the evaluation of treatment in the field of problem drug use : a manual for researchers and professionals (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Ed.). Manuals, 3. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
Abstract: The main objective of the guidelines is to provide a European audience with basic information on the options, elements and procedures of drug-related treatment evaluation. The target readership includes professionals working in treatment services for substance use and dependence, administrators and officials in social and health authorities, researchers dealing with treatment of substance dependence, and those who professionally or politically may have an interest in evidence from treatment evaluation.
Keywords: research; government and politics; treatment and maintenance; addiction; AOD dependence; chemical addiction; diagnosis; recommendations or guidelines; Europe
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various. (2010). Guidelines for testing HIV, viral hepatitis and other infections in injecting drug users (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Ed.). Manuals, 6. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
Abstract: Infectious diseases are among the most serious health consequences of injecting drug use and can lead to significant healthcare costs. Injecting drug users are vulnerable to a range of infectious and communicable diseases through a variety of risk behaviours, and because of underlying conditions such as poor hygiene, homelessness and poverty. There is a recognised need for guidance on providing IDUs with a medical examination and testing for HIV, viral hepatitis and several other infections on a regular basis. In addition, improving testing uptake in this group would benefit epidemiological surveillance and monitoring as carried out at the national and international level. These guidelines are accompanied by a recommended package of prevention and primary care in relation to injecting drug users and infections. Treatment and other specialist care are not discussed in detail but are dealt with by indicating referral to appropriate services.
Keywords: addiction; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; chemical addiction; health; prevention; primary health care; communicable disease; intravenous drug user; risk-taking behavior; viral hepatitis; HIV infection; social services; recommendations or guidelines; Europe
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European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (Ed.). (2011). European drug prevention quality standards : a manual for prevention professionals. Manuals, 7. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
Abstract: Prevention is one of the first approaches to be mentioned when public debate and policy address drug use and drug-related problems. Regularly, measures of prevention are presented as a means to overcome existing or future problems. However, evidence of ‘what works’ in practice is often overlooked. Similarly, research has shown examples where preventive efforts produced no or detrimental effects. This publication will help steer efforts in the right direction. Using an empirically derived reference framework, it bridges the gaps between science, policy and practice. Based on an overview of existing standards in Europe and beyond, a number of highly respected experts from EU Member States and international organisations worked together to prepare the publication. More than 400 national experts and stakeholders were included in a Delphi panel study and in a number of focus groups, which produced in-depth discussions as well as a consensus on the most important recommendations. The European Commission provided the funding for the original project on prevention standards and its results are now published within the EMCDDA Manuals series. In this series, information, advice, and guidance are offered to professionals and practitioners. Well structured and with many useful tables and figures, this publication will help its users as they progress from a first needs assessment to the delivery of an intervention and its final evaluation. Correct implementation of prevention measures with evidence-based components and anchoring them within existing structures and services (or activities) is key to ensuring effectiveness and it helps to avoid unintended iatrogenic effects. This manual will provide valuable guidance in this respect and allow preventive interventions to reach their full potential.
Keywords: AOD use, abuse, and dependence; prevention program; prevention; prevention strategy; quality; quality control; international area; Europe
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various. (2012). Guidelines for the evaluation of drug prevention : a manual for programme planners and evaluators (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Ed.) (2nd ed.). Manuals, 8. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
Abstract: Prevention is a key consideration when discussing substance use and related problems. Drug prevention is any activity that delays or reduces the use of substances. Preventing substance use potentially makes other interventions, especially targeting treatment and harm reduction, unnecessary. Evaluation of the various interventions is essential to develop and improve existing approaches and to work towards creating a best practice in drug prevention. The EMCDDA first published the Guidelines for the evaluation of drug prevention in 1998 to respond to a need expressed by professionals and policymakers to have a tool and stimulus to evaluate prevention interventions in Europe. These guidelines aimed to facilitate and encourage project leaders to evaluate their own interventions and to design them accordingly. This second edition is an updated version of the original EMCDDA guidelines, which contains new methods, concepts and examples of currently available drug prevention interventions and which provides a framework for carrying out an evaluation. The content has also been updated with developments in online EMCDDA drug prevention and evaluation resources. Since publication of the first edition, prevention professionals who continue to apply these guidelines have contributed to the increased attention given to evaluation and prevention. However, although guidance on drug prevention is available in some Member States, only a minority of interventions in the European Union have an outcome evaluation. Even large, wellfunded projects are still not fully evaluated and the availability of empirical evidence concerning prevention is weak. These guidelines are intended for professionals working in the drug prevention and evaluation field and can provide valuable guidance when planning and evaluating prevention activities. The intention to develop best practice in drug prevention, as expressed in the 2005–8 and 2009–12 EU drugs action plans, and the fact that evaluation is now widely used in Member States’ drug policy, testify to the importance placed on drug prevention and evaluation in the European Union. The aim of this publication is to raise the profile of both drug prevention and evaluation methodologies and to provide prevention practitioners with an up-to-date framework, to enable their interventions and evaluations to reach their full potential.
Keywords: AOD use, abuse, and dependence; research; prevention; prevention outcome; prevention research; prevention directed at groups; recommendations or guidelines; Europe
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Montanari, L., Guarita, B., Noor, A., Wiessing, L., Gomes, F., Hedrich, D., et al. (2012). Treatment demand indicator (TDI) : standard protocol 3.0 : guidelines for reporting data on people entering drug treatment in European countries (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Ed.). Manuals, 9. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
Abstract: This Manual is a revised edition of the Treatment demand indicator (TDI) protocol version 2.0 and presents updated guidelines for reporting data on people entering drug treatment in Europe. The TDI is one of five key epidemiological indicators which provide a common European methodology for collecting and reporting core data on the number and profiles of those entering specialised drug treatment each year. TDI data are routinely used in EMCDDA analysis of the drug situation in Europe, helping to identify trends and patterns in problem drug use and to assess the use and uptake of treatment facilities.
Keywords: addiction; harm reduction; treatment and maintenance; heroin-assisted treatment; methadone; quality control; recommendations or guidelines; database; international area; Europe; report
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Federal Office of Public Health, & Acheson, J. (2006). Vulnerable young people and prevention. Lessons learned. Berne: Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH).
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Uchtenhagen, A. (1988). Zum Delinquenzverlauf bei Heroinabhängigen. In J. Schuh, M. Boehlen, & S. A. für Kriminologie (Eds.), Jugend und Delinquenz = Jeunesse et délinquance (pp. 337–347). Kriminologie, 3. Grüsch: Rüegger.
Keywords: addiction; AOD dependence; chemical addiction; heroin; AODR crime; drug user; illicit drug; offender; treatment and maintenance; criminal penalty
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European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2013). EMCDDA-Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance : 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole. Joint Reports. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
Abstract: At the end of September 2012, the EMCDDA and Europol examined the available information on a new psychoactive substance 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole (commonly known by the abbreviation ’5-IT’), through a joint assessment. The two organisations concluded that sufficient information had been accumulated to merit the production of a Joint Report on 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole as stipulated by Article 5.1 of the Council Decision 2005/387/JHA.
Keywords: psychoactive substances; benzodiazepines; designer drug; research chemical; AOD consumption; risk assessment; AOD intoxication; AODR mortality; AODR crime; government and politics; AOD public policy strategy; law enforcement; rave; Europe; European Union
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