Abstract: In discussing hepatitis C testing in this policy a number of tests conducted at different times or together are described. These tests indicate whether an individual has come into contact with the hepatitis C virus (HCV), and if they have, whether they have cleared the virus (spontaneously or with previous interventions) or are chronically infected. It is crucial, therefore that those people responsible for implementing the policy, particularly those performing pre-test and post-test discussions, have the skills and knowledge to fully communicate the significance of each of the tests available. Principles of hepatitis C testing The seven basic principles that guide hepatitis C testing in Australia are that: • confidential, voluntary testing with informed consent and pre-test and post-discussion is fundamental to Australia’s response to hepatitis C; • testing is of the highest possible standard; • testing is of benefit to the person being tested; • testing is accessible to all those at risk of HCV infection; • testing is critical to understanding the epidemiology of HCV infection in the community; • testing can be critical to interruption of transmission and can support harm minimisation; and • testing to monitor people with HCV before, during or after treatment is an integral part of their care.