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Addiction Info Suisse. (2010). Tabac. Lausanne: Author.
Abstract: En Suisse, près de deux millions de personnes fument des cigarettes ou d’autres produits dérivés du tabac et bien plus encore sont soumises à la fumée passive. Or, les maladies et les décès prématurés dus au tabac entraînent un coût social élevé et des souffrances importantes. La plupart des consommateurs / trices ont commencé à fumer à l’adolescence. Presque toutes les personnes qui fument connaissent les risques sanitaires qu’elles encourent et nombre d’entre elles cherchent à s’arrêter. Mais on ne leur facilite pas la tâche, car le produit est facilement accessible. En effet l’industrie du tabac jouit d’une grande puissance économique et politique.
Keywords: tobacco product; history; AOD induced risk; AOD dependence; addiction; cancer; lung cancer; pregnancy; government and politics; laws and regulations; prevention; Switzerland
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Addiction Info Suisse. (2010). Tabac. Lausanne: Author.
Keywords: AOD use, abuse, and dependence; chemical addiction; tobacco in any form; Switzerland
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Caritas Jura. (1990). Système qualité. Delémont: Author.
Keywords: quality control
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various. (1990). Syringe vending machines : PubMed search query. PubMed.
Keywords: harm reduction; needle distribution and exchange; bibliography
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Cox, G. M., Lawless, M. C., Cassin, S. P., & Geoghegan, T. W. (2000). Syringe exchanges : a public health response to problem drug use. Irish Medical Journal, 93(5), 143–146.
Abstract: This paper presents the findings of the first ever Irish follow-up study to establish the effectiveness of syringe exchanges as a harm reduction strategy in the context of public health. The study was conducted in collaboration with 370 injecting drug users who attended the Merchant’s Quay Project’s Health Promotion Unit between May 1st 1997 and October 31st 1998. Data was collected from respondents by means of a structured interview at first visit and three-months after initial contact. Evidence from the study demonstrates that syringe exchanges play an important contributing role in significantly reducing the numbers reporting both the use of heroin as a primary drug (n=41; McNemar x2=10.1;p<0.01), and its frequency of use (n=70; McNemar x2=4.13;p<0.05) at follow-up. Moreover, there were significant reductions in the reported borrowing (n=60; McNemar x2=10.1;p<0.01) and lending (n=42: McNemar x2=7.9;p<0.01) of used injecting equipment. There was however no significant change in the reported sharing of injecting paraphernalia or in levels of reported condom use. The results of this study illustrate that low threshold services such as the Health Promotion Unit have the ability to attract injecting drug users not in contact with other drug treatment services. Furthermore, this type of service has been shown to be effective in maintaining contact with injecting drug users and promoting safer drug use among attendees. Even though the distribution of sterile injecting equipment reduces the situational sharing, this is hampered by the limited availability of sterile injecting equipment in Dublin. There is a need to continue to develop strategies to prevent HIV and hepatitis C transmission. One such approach would be to develop effective outreach as a means of reaching greater numbers of drug users earlier in their injecting histories. Other areas for future HIV and HCV prevention include discouraging the transition from smoking to injecting, and among those who inject, encouraging further reductions in sharing, sustaining risk reduction over time, and encouraging the adoption of safer sexual behaviour.
Keywords: harm reduction
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Kerr, T., & Jürgens, R. (2004). Syringe exchange programs in prisons : reviewing the evidence. Montréal: Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network.
Abstract: A wealth of scientific evidence has shown that needle exchange programs (NEPs) are the most effective intervention available for the prevention of HIV infection among injection drug users (IDUs). As well, NEPs have been associated with increased access to care and treatment and with substantial cost-savings. The concerns raised about NEPs have been shown to be unfounded. NEPs have not led increased levels of risk behaviour or drug use in places where they have been implemented.
Keywords: harm reduction; prison; needle distribution and exchange; prevention; HIV infection; treatment and maintenance; cost (economic); Canada
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Klaassen, M. P. M. C. (1989). Syringe exchange dispenser (Automat). Rotterdam: Stichting Consultatiebureau voor alcohol en Drugs.
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Riley, D. (1999). Syringe exchange and methadone maintenance treatment. In Injection drug use and HIV/AIDS : legal and ethical issues (pp. C52–C66). Background Papers. Montréal: Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network.
Abstract: This volume contains the final version of the three background papers. It should be read together with HIV/AIDS and Injection Drug Use: Legal and Ethical Issues, the report on phases I and II of the project, which contains a summary of the analysis of the seven priority issues, and the recommendations developed by the workshop participants. The report is based on the background papers in this volume and the comments made by workshop participants at the three workshops held between November 1997 and March 1999.
Keywords: treatment and maintenance; methadone maintenance; needle distribution and exchange; intravenous drug user; HIV infection; Aids; viral hepatitis; harm reduction; public policy; public health; Canada; United States; Europe; Australia; international area; drug substitution therapy
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Druce, J. D., Locarnini, S. A., & Birch, C. J. (1995). Syringe cleaning techniques and transmission of HIV. Aids, 9(9), 1105–1107.
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Drug Policy Alliance. (2000). Syringe availability. Berkeley: Drug Policy Alliance (DPA).
Keywords: harm reduction; needle distribution and exchange; international area; United States
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