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Author |
Matheï, C.; Buntinx, F.; Van Damme, P. |
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Title |
Seroprevalence of hepatitis C markers among intravenous drug users in western European countries : a systematic review |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Journal of viral hepatitis |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume  |
9 |
Issue |
3; 05/2002 |
Pages |
157-173 |
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Keywords |
intravenous injection; hepatitis C; epidemiology; prevalence; hepatitis C antibodies |
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Abstract |
Currently, the most important risk factor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Europe is intravenous drug use. To establish a better insight into the epidemiology of hepatitis C among intravenous drug users (IVDUs) in western European countries a systematic review on the prevalence of hepatitis C markers and their determinants was performed. Reports were identified by searches on Medline and on the internet and by screening reference lists of selected papers. The prevalence rates of anti-HCV in western European IVDUs reported in the 66 studies selected for analysis, ranged between 37 and 98%. No relation was found between prevalence rates and mean age, mean duration of intravenous drug use, geographical area, setting of the study, method of recruitment or the year(s) of collection of samples. Eleven studies concerning the prevalence of HCV-RNA in hepatitis C-infected IVDUs were selected for analysis. Prevalence rates ranged from 26 to 86%. Based on five studies, a statistically significant positive linear relation was found between the mean age of study population and the prevalence of HCV-RNA. Our analysis revealed considerable variation in prevalence rates of hepatitis C markers among IVDUs in western Europe. We found no conclusive explanation for this variability. Further research investigating the dynamics of the hepatitis C epidemic in IVDUs is necessary. |
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English |
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1365-2893 |
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no |
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Call Number |
50-ad |
Serial |
59507 |
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Author |
Fahrenkrug, Hermann |
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Title |
Es ist unvorstellbar, wie sehr die Politik in Drogenfragen hinter den Fachleuten herhinkt... : Hermann Fahrenkrug im Gespräch mit Anne-Catherine Menétrey-Savary, Nationalrätin der Grünen Partei Schweiz, über die Revision des Betäubungsmittelgesetzes |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Abhängigkeiten : Forschung und Praxis der Prävention und Behandlung |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
3 |
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Keywords |
health promotion |
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German |
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ISSN |
1420-2999 |
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Call Number |
50-02859 |
Serial |
59349 |
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Author |
Uchtenhagen, Ambros; Graf, Michel; Fassbind, Jürg; Rehm, Jürgen; Stahl, Susanne; Widmer, Andreas; Winnewisser, Eveline; Michaud, Pierre-André; Meyer, Thomas; Zemp, Nikodem; Stohler, Rudolf |
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Abhängigkeiten : Forschung und Praxis der Prävention und Behandlung 1/2003 : Voneinander lernen II : Erfahrungs- und Wissensaustausch zwischen Forschung, Praxis und Politik im Suchtbereich : Beiträge zur II. Tagung des Bundesamtes für Gesundheit |
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Journal |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Abhängigkeiten : Forschung und Praxis der Prävention und Behandlung |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
64 |
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Keywords |
research |
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ISPA-Press |
Place of Publication |
Lausanne |
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German |
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1420-2999 |
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no |
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Call Number |
18-002 |
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59184 |
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Author |
Angel, Pierre; Farges, Florian |
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Title |
Boire après l'alcoolisme |
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Journal |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Psychotropes : revue internationale des toxicomanies et des addiction |
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Volume |
9 |
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1 |
Pages |
120 |
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Keywords |
addiction; AOD dependence; chemical addiction; alcohol |
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Publisher |
de Boeck |
Place of Publication |
Paris |
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French |
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1245-2092; Isbn: 2-8041-4200-0 |
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Call Number |
12.01.01-008 |
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59149 |
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Author |
Battistella, Giovanni; Fornari, Eleonora; Thomas, Aurélien; Mall, Jean-Frédéric; Chtioui, Haithem; Appenzeller, Monique; Annoni, Jean-Marie; Favrat, Bernard; Maeder, Philippe; Giroud, Christian |
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Title |
Weed or Wheel! fMRI, behavioural, and toxicological investigations of how cannabis smoking affects skills necessary for driving |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Plos One |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
1; 02.01.2013 |
Pages |
15 |
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Keywords |
chemical addiction; illicit drug; marijuana in any form; cannabis; tetrahydrocannabinol; AOD intoxication; AOD effects and consequences; AOD use and driving; research; brain; neuroscience (field); laws and regulations |
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Abstract |
Marijuana is the most widely used illicit drug, however its effects on cognitive functions underling safe driving remain mostly unexplored. Our goal was to evaluate the impact of cannabis on the driving ability of occasional smokers, by investigating changes in the brain network involved in a tracking task. The subject characteristics, the percentage of D9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in the joint, and the inhaled dose were in accordance with real-life conditions. Thirty-one male volunteers were enrolled in this study that includes clinical and toxicological aspects together with functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and measurements of psychomotor skills. The fMRI paradigm was based on a visuo-motor tracking task, alternating active tracking blocks with passive tracking viewing and rest condition. We show that cannabis smoking, even at low D9-Tetrahydrocannabinol blood concentrations, decreases psychomotor skills and alters the activity of the brain networks involved in cognition. The relative decrease of Blood Oxygen Level Dependent response (BOLD) after cannabis smoking in the anterior insula, dorsomedial thalamus, and striatum compared to placebo smoking suggests an alteration of the network involved in saliency detection. In addition, the decrease of BOLD response in the right superior parietal cortex and in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex indicates the involvement of the Control Executive network known to operate once the saliencies are identified. Furthermore, cannabis increases activity in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex and ventromedial prefrontal cortices, suggesting an increase in self-oriented mental activity. Subjects are more attracted by intrapersonal stimuli (“self”) and fail to attend to task performance, leading to an insufficient allocation of task-orientedre sources and to sub-optimal performance. These effects correlate with the subjective feeling of confusion rather than with the blood level of D9-Tetrahydrocannabinol. These findings bolster the zero-tolerance policy adopted in several countries that prohibits the presence of any amount of drugs in blood while driving. |
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English |
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ISSN |
1932-6203 |
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no |
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Call Number |
50-12783 |
Serial |
59993 |
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Author |
Thane, Katja; Stöver, Heino |
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Title |
Health needs of drug dependent prisoners in four countries (Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland) = Die gesundheitlichen Bedürfnisse drogenabhängiger Inhaftierter in vier Ländern (Estland, Ungarn, Litauen, Polen) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Acceptance-oriented drug work = Akzeptanzorientierte Drogenarbeit |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
24.08.2011 |
Pages |
23-43 |
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Keywords |
AOD dependence; AOD associated consequences; health and disease; addiction; prison-based health service; prison-based prevention; prevention; prevention directed at groups; international area; Estonia; Hungary; Lithuania; Poland |
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Abstract |
The majority of people held in European prisons have severe problems associated with drug use, together with related health and social disadvantages. Those categorised as problematic drug users (PDUs) constitute a substantial proportion of prison populations in Europe. Recent figures indicate that a third to a half of prisoners having illicit drug use experience before imprisonment. Acknowledging the existence of a drug problem within prison walls often remains a taboo for prisoners, staff, management and politicians. Moreover, lack of continuity of care and support throughout the criminal justice system (CJS), from the moment of arrest to release from prison into the community, contributes to failures in reintegration, drives the “revolving door effect”, with drug users routinely caught in the criminal justice system and does not allow for the full implementation of the principle of equivalence of health services in prison comparable to those available in the community. Most of the countries, who joined the European Union (EU) most recently have, to varying degrees, im-plemented effective treatment programmes and harm reduction projects outside of the prison system. However, effective drug treatment and blood-borne virus (BBV) prevention programmes within the prison walls and follow up services for released inmates with problematic drug use still have, in most New Member States, to be developed. Overall, prison policies and practices, in particular in dealing with drug users and related (infectious) diseases, remain an important EU concern. In few of the New Member States the public health imperative of a healthy prison system receives the political attention it deserves |
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English |
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ISSN |
1861-0110 |
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Call Number |
50-12349 |
Serial |
59972 |
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Author |
Newman, Robert G. |
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Title |
Opioid maintenance treatment: a glass half full but also half empty!; = Opioid-Erhaltungs-Behandlung: ein halbvolles, aber auch halbleeres Glas |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
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Akzeptanzorientierte Drogenarbeit = Acceptance-oriented drug work |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
04.07.2011 |
Pages |
14-22 |
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Keywords |
opioids in any form; treatment and maintenance; heroin-assisted treatment; harm reduction; methadone |
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English |
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1861-0110 |
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Call Number |
50-12296 |
Serial |
59971 |
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Author |
Hüsgen, Hans-A. |
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Title |
Akzeptanzorientierung in der Drogenpolitik – niedrigschwellige und höher-schwellige Drogenarbeit – laudatio et promotio = Orientation towards acceptance in drug policy : low-threshold and higher-threshold drug work – laudatio et promotio |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Akzeptanzorientierte Drogenarbeit = Acceptance-oriented drug work |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
18.10.2011 |
Pages |
44-47 |
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Keywords |
AOD dependence; AOD abstinence; history; harm reduction; INDRO (body) |
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German |
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ISSN |
1861-0110 |
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no |
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Call Number |
50-12285 |
Serial |
59969 |
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Author |
Manthe, Kathrin |
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Title |
Die Wirksamkeit von Safer-Use-Beratungen im Rahmen niedrigschwelliger, akzeptanzorientierter Drogenhilfe : Ergebnisse einer Studie zur Verwendung von Tuberkulinspritzen |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Akzeptanzorientierte Drogenarbeit = Acceptance-oriented drug work |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
24.05.2011 |
Pages |
6-13 |
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Keywords |
harm reduction; counseling; treatment and maintenance; intravenous injection; illegal drug use; research; study; Germany |
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German |
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ISSN |
1861-0110 |
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no |
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Call Number |
50-11936 |
Serial |
59950 |
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Author |
Turner, Barbara J.; Markson, Leona; Hauck, Walter; Cocroft, James; Fanning, Thomas |
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Title |
Prenatal care of HIV-infected women : analysis of a large New York state cohort |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes and human retrovirology : official publication of the International Retrovirology Association |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
371-379 |
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Keywords |
treatment and maintenance; methadone maintenance; woman; pregnancy; HIV infection; prenatal care; United States; New York City; study; drug substitution therapy |
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Abstract |
We examined the effect of methadone treatment, duration of Medicaid enrollment during pregnancy, and other maternal characteristics on receipt of prenatal care by 2,254 women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) delivering a singleton in New York state from 1985 through 1990. Data were obtained from the New York State Medicaid HIV/AIDS Research Data Base and vital statistics records. Adequacy of the number of prenatal visits reported by the mother on vital statistics records was assessed with use of the Kessner Index, which adjusts for gestational age at delivery. Too few visits were reported by 65% of the study population. Illicit drug users had higher odds of having too few visits [1.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24-2.17] than methadone-treated women but the odds were similar for non-drug users and methadone-treated women (0.79, 95% CI 0.60-1.25). Women with brief Medicaid enrollment (< or = 25% of pregnancy) had 45% higher odds of having too few visits than did longer enrollees. Treatment for drug addiction and longer Medicaid enrollment during pregnancy may offer important interventions to increase prenatal care of HIV-infected women. Approaches to increase prenatal care of HIV-infected women are especially important given trials showing a reduction in vertical transmission from zidovudine treatment during pregnancy. |
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English |
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1077-9450 |
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Call Number |
50-11775 |
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59936 |
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