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Comité régional de l'Europe de l'OMS. (2011). Plan d'action européen visant à réduire l'usage nocif de l'alcool 2012-2020 (Comité régional de l'Europe de l'OMS, Ed.). Copenhague: Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS), Bureau régional de l'Europe.
Abstract: Ce document présente le plan d’action visant à mettre en oeuvre les stratégies en matière d’alcool élaborées aux niveaux européen et mondial. Il est le fruit d’un processus consultatif avec un comité restreint de rédaction et un groupe de rédaction plus élargi ; une première consultation avec les États membres a eu lieu à Genève les 9 et 10 février 2010, et une autre a été organisée à Zurich lors d’une réunion avec les États membres, les 4 et 5 mai 2011. Le plan d’action est présenté au Comité régional afin qu’il soit passé en revue et éventuellement approuvé. À cette fin, un projet de résolution est joint pour examen par le Comité régional.
Keywords: alcohol; health care costs; harm reduction; advertisement; exposure to AOD ad; advertising ban; alcohol intoxication; laws and regulations; conference; Europe
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WHO Regional Committee for Europe. (2011). European action plan to reduce the harmful use of alcohol 2012-2020. Copenhagen: World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for Europe.
Keywords: alcohol; health care costs; harm reduction; conference; advertisement; advertising ban; alcohol intoxication; laws and regulations; Europe
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Sucht Info Schweiz. (2011). Konsumtrends und Suchtpolitik : Monitoringbericht April 2011 bis September 2011. Lausanne: Author.
Keywords: tobacco in any form; tobacco product; smoking; alcohol; alcoholic beverage; alcoholic beverage distribution laws; laws and regulations; Switzerland; report; alcopop
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Addiction Info Suisse. (2011). Tendances de consommation et politique des dépendances : rapport de monitorage, d'avril à septembre 2011. Lausanne: Sucht Info Schweiz.
Keywords: tobacco in any form; tobacco product; smoking; alcohol; alcoholic beverage; alcoholic beverage distribution laws; laws and regulations; Switzerland; report; statistical data; alcopop
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Europäische Beobachtungsstelle für Drogen und Drogensucht. (2011). Jahresbericht 2011 : Stand der Drogenproblematik in Europa. Jahresbericht. Luxemburg: Amt für Veröffentlichungen der Europäischen Union.
Abstract: The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA’s yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.
Keywords: AOD public policy strategy; public policy on illicit drugs; other drug laws; cannabis; MDMA; ecstasy; LSD; cocaine; crack cocaine; intravenous injection; opioids in any form; piperazine; ketamine; gamma-hydroxybutyric acid; communicable disease; AODR mortality; mephedrone; Europe; annual report
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Observatoire européen des drogues et des toxicomanies. (2011). Rapport annuel 2011 : état du phénomène de la drogue en Europe. Rapport annuel. Luxembourg: Office des publications de l'Union européenne.
Abstract: The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA’s yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.
Keywords: AOD public policy strategy; public policy on illicit drugs; other drug laws; cannabis; MDMA; ecstasy; LSD; cocaine; crack cocaine; intravenous injection; opioids in any form; piperazine; ketamine; gamma-hydroxybutyric acid; communicable disease; AODR mortality; mephedrone; Europe; annual report
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Osservatorio europeo delle droghe e delle tossicodipendenze. (2011). Relazione annuale 2011 : evoluzione del fenomeno della droga in Europa. Relazione annuale. Lussemburgo: Ufficio delle pubblicazioni dellUnione europea.
Abstract: The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA’s yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.
Keywords: AOD public policy strategy; public policy on illicit drugs; other drug laws; cannabis; MDMA; ecstasy; LSD; cocaine; crack cocaine; intravenous injection; opioids in any form; communicable disease; AODR mortality; prevalence; Europe; annual report
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European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2011). Annual report 2011 : the state of the drugs problem in Europe. Annual report. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
Abstract: The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA’s yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.
Keywords: AOD public policy strategy; public policy on illicit drugs; other drug laws; cannabis; MDMA; ecstasy; LSD; cocaine; crack cocaine; intravenous injection; opioids in any form; piperazine; ketamine; gamma-hydroxybutyric acid; communicable disease; AODR mortality; mephedrone; Europe; annual report
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European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2011). Cost and financing of drug treatment services in Europe : an exploratory study. Selected issues. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
Abstract: Recent estimates suggest that, each year, over 1 million Europeans receive treatment for problems related to the use of illicit drugs (EMCDDA, 2010). Of these, more than half receive opioid substitution treatment for problems related to opioid drugs, primarily heroin. The current levels of provision of drug treatment services in the European Union are the result of an expansion of services that has taken place during the last two decades. For much of that time, services expanded against a background of a growing drug problem, and one in which economic conditions were largely favourable. Now, however, in an era of cuts in government expenditure, managing the costs of treatment and ensuring the highest quality and best outcomes for the lowest possible cost are priorities. While measuring and improving drug treatment outcomes have been relatively high on the research agenda in recent years, the cost of treatment has received far less research attention. Addressing this information gap is likely to have a number of benefi ts for both decision-makers and treatment providers. On the one hand, service providers need accurate information on the costs of service provision in order to plan the allocation of resources. On the other, decision-makers and funders can use such information as a means of cost control, for example, by comparing costs of similar services or those of alternative providers of similar services. Finally, as a part of a fuller economic analysis, information on service costs is needed to determine the cost-effectiveness of interventions and treatment programmes. The cost of drug treatment in Europe is looked at from two main angles in this Selected issue. First, it presents an overview of the main sources of drug treatment funding and the financing mechanisms that are employed in European countries. The available data are presented on who is paying for drug treatment, how funding is organised, and how funding is distributed among different treatment modalities. This is followed by an analysis of the unit costs of different types of drug treatment. Costs related to opioid substitution treatment including the costs of substitution medication for a number of European countries are presented here. This publication keeps a tight focus on the cost of drug treatment and does not attempt to undertake a broader economic analysis of the healthcare and social costs relating to illicit drugs. This Selected issue represents a fi rst attempt to provide a European overview of drug treatment costs, and individual countries are brought into focus to illustrate specifi c aspects of the analysis. This subject is both topical and methodologically challenging. The varying availability of information as well as the complexity of funding arrangements mean that, at best, only very incomplete estimates can be made of the costs of (or expenditure on) drug treatment in Europe.
Keywords: Aod; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; addiction; heroin; treatment and maintenance; detoxification; inpatient care; outpatient care; methadone; heroin-assisted treatment; financial management; treatment cost; treatment method; financial statement; financing; study; Europe; report
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European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2011). Mortality related to drug in Europe : public health implications (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Ed.). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
Abstract: In recent decades, the overall level of illicit drug use in Europe has risen dramatically, and with it the number of deaths among the drug-using population, in particular among problem drug users. In the 21st century, a considerable share of premature or avoidable mortality among young adults can be attributed to illicit drug overdose, which accounts for an estimated 4% of deaths among those aged 15–39 in Europe (1). These deaths are often related to injecting drug use and, in most cases, involve a combination of substances (Best et al., 2000), but they represent only part of mortality among drug users (2). In addition, a substantial number of deaths are indirectly related to drug use, such as those from HIV/AIDS related to injecting drug use, accidents, violence and suicides. The high levels of mortality among drug users are a serious cause for concern both at the individual and the societal level. The number of problem opioid users in Europe is cautiously estimated at about 1.3 million (3), and it is among these opioid users, particularly injectors, that we find the greatest share of morbidity and mortality related to illicit drug use in Europe. Heroin is the drug most often associated with overdose, although other drugs and alcohol are commonly present. Overdose represents a major cause of avoidable death associated with illicit drug use, and from 1990 to 2010, between 6 500 and 8 500 overdose deaths have
Keywords: Aod; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; addiction; illicit drug; heroin; morbidity; AOD overdose; AODR mortality; prevalence; Europe; report
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