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Truan, P.; Gmel, G.; François, Y.; Janin, B. |
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Title |
Dépistage de consommations problématiques d'alcool dans la population suisse: comparaison entre un instrument développé par l'ISPA et le questionnaire CAGE |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1997 |
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Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift = Journal suisse de médecine |
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127 |
Issue |
18 |
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753-761 |
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Keywords |
AOD consumption; AOD abuse; screening and diagnostic method for AOD use; alcohol; statistical data; Switzerland; study |
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Abstract |
En 1987, l’Institut suisse de prévention de l’alcoolisme et autres toxicomanies (ISPA) a développé une série de questions relatives aux problèmes d’alcool au sein de la population générale. Le but principal de cet article est d’étudier le comportement de ce questionnaire comme instrument de dépistage de consommations problématiques _dans la population helvétique en le comparant au CAGE. L’étude porte sur 953 personnes de 20 ans et plus. Parmi les buveurs, le test ISPA est positif pour 91 hommes (21,7%) et 34 femmes (8,70/0) et le CAGE pour 53 hommes (12,70/0) et 17 femmes (4,3%). Mieux que le CAGE, le test ISPA permet de dépister les buveurs problématiques consommant régulièrement de façon soutenue, mais sans excès ponctuels. La question “eyeopener” du CAGE s’avère trop abrupte pour la population générale suisse et pourrait être supprimée. Les femmes nient beaucoup plus leurs problèmes d’alcool que les hommes. Une consommation occasionnellement excessive augmente le risque d’avoir un test positif. En conclusion, dans la population suisse, le test ISPA est plus adapté à l’évaluation du nombre de consommateurs problématiques que le CAGE, développé pour être utilisé par le milieu médical américain. De plus, les résultats suggèrent l’utilisation de seuils critiques différents pour chaque sexe. |
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0036-7672 |
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50-00499 |
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59642 |
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Author |
Coffin, Philipp O.; Galea, Sandro; Ahern, Jennifer; Leon, Andrew C.; Vlahov, David; Tardiff, Kenneth |
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Title |
Opiates, cocaine and alcohol combinations in accidental drug overdose deaths in New York City, 1990-98 |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Addiction |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
98 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
739-747 |
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Keywords |
monitoring |
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Abstract |
AIMS: Accidental drug overdose contributes substantially to mortality among drug users. Multi-drug use has been documented as a key risk factor in overdose and overdose mortality in several studies. This study investigated the contribution of multiple drug combinations to overdose mortality trends. DESIGN: We collected data on all overdose deaths in New York City between 1990 and 1998 using records from the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner (OCME). We standardized yearly overdose death rates by age, sex and race to the 1990 census population for NYC to enable comparability between years relevant to this analysis. FINDINGS: Opiates, cocaine and alcohol were the three drugs most commonly attributed as the cause of accidental overdose death by the OCME, accounting for 97.6% of all deaths; 57.8% of those deaths were attributed to two or more of these three drugs in combination. Accidental overdose deaths increased in 1990-93 and subsequently declined slightly in 1993-98. Changes in the rate of multi-drug combination deaths accounted for most of the change in overdose death rates, whereas single drug overdose death rates remained relatively stable. Trends in accidental overdose death rates within gender and racial/ethnic strata varied by drug combination suggesting different patterns of multi-drug use among different subpopulations. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that interventions to prevent accidental overdose mortality should address the use of drugs such as heroin, cocaine and alcohol in combination. |
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0965-2140 |
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50-02651 |
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59731 |
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Author |
Elliott, L.; Gruer, L. |
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Title |
How extensive is public opposition to needle exchange? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Aids |
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8 |
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5 |
Pages |
717-718 |
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harm reduction |
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0269-9370 |
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50-03149 |
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59812 |
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Latkin, Carl A.; Vlahov, David; Anthony, James C.; Kohn, Sylvia; Mandell, Wallace |
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Title |
Needle-Cleaning Practices among Intravenous Drug Users Who Share Injection Equipment in Baltimore, Maryland |
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Year |
1992 |
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International journal of the addictions |
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27 |
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6 |
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717-725 |
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harm reduction |
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Call Number |
50-02965 |
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59777 |
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Author |
Titus, Stephen; Marmor, Michael; Des Jarlais, Don C.; Kim, Mimi; Wolfe, Hannah; Beatrice, Sara |
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Title |
Bleach use and HIV seroconversion among New York City injection drug users |
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Journal Article |
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1994 |
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Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes |
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7 |
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7 |
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700-704 |
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harm reduction |
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Call Number |
50-02972 |
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59780 |
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Author |
Barrau, K.; Micallef, J.; Pradel, V.; Frauger, E.; Thirion, X.; San Marco, J. L. |
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Title |
Traitements de substitution et injections intraveineuses |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
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THS : la revue des addictions : publication trimestrielle de la SETHS (Société européenne toxicomanies, hépatites, sida) |
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3 |
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12; 12/2001 |
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695-696 |
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Keywords |
treatment and maintenance; patient; drug substitution therapy; intravenous injection; illicit drug; France |
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French |
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1624-0898 |
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50-13204 |
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60021 |
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Greub, Gilbert; Maziero, Annik; Kaufmann, Gilbert; Colombo, Carlo; Zysset, Frédéric; Ruef, Christian; Francioli, Patrick |
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Title |
Expositions professionnelles au sang contaminé par le virus de l'hépatite C dans le secteur médical en Suisse, état à la fin de l'an 2000 |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
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Bulletin |
Abbreviated Journal |
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40; 30.09.2002 |
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692-696 |
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Keywords |
health promotion; HIV infection; Aids; viral hepatitis; hepatitis C; Switzerland |
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Les professionnels de la santé sont exposés par leur activité au risque de transmission d’agents infectieux par le sang (VIH, VHB – virus de l’hépatite B, VHC – virus de l’hépatite C). La vaccination contre l’hépatite B a permis de diminuer considérablement les infections par ce virus dans le secteur sanitaire. Il n’existe en revanche pas de vaccination contre le VIH et le VHC. De 1997 à 2001, 6 infections par le VHC ont été rapportées en Suisse parmi le personnel de santé, soit 1,8% des expositions accidentelles à du sang VHC positif (séroconversions documentées). Une piqûre d’aiguille est à l’origine de tous les cas. Aucune transmission par exposition des muqueuses (bouche, yeux) n’a été mise en évidence. La déclaration systématique des accidents exposant au sang est un instrument essentiel pour améliorer la prévention et la prise en charge des expositions professionnelles au VHC. |
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French |
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1420-4266 |
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Auch auf Deutsch vorhanden: 50-02744 |
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50-02745 |
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59743 |
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Author |
Greub, Gilbert; Maziero, Annik; Kaufmann, Gilbert; Colombo, Carlo; Zysset, Frédéric; Ruef, Christian; Francioli, Patrick |
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Title |
Beruflich bedingte Blutexpositionen mit Hepatitis-C-Virus im Medizinalbereich in der Schweiz bis Ende 2000 |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
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Bulletin |
Abbreviated Journal |
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40; 30.09.2002 |
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692-696 |
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health promotion; HIV infection; Aids; viral hepatitis; hepatitis C; Switzerland |
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Das Medizinalpersonal ist dem Risiko einer Übertragung von Infektionskrankheiten (HIV, Hepatitis B/C) durch Blut ausgesetzt. Dank der Hepatitis-B-Impfung wurden die Infektionen mit dem Hepatitis-B-Virus beim Medizinalpersonal wesentlich vermindert. Gegen HIV und Hepatitis C gibt es hingegen keine Impfung. Von 1997–2001 wurden in der Schweiz beim Medizinalpersonal sechs Übertragungen von Hepatitis-C-Viren gemeldet. Dies entspricht 1,8% der unfallbedingten Expositionen mit HCV-positivem Blut (dokumentierte Serokonversion). In allen Fällen ist ein Nadelstich die Ursache. Eine Übertragung über Schleimhäute (Mund, Augen) wurde nicht nachgewiesen. Möglichst vollständige Meldungen und die systematische Analyse der unfallbedingten Expositionen tragen dazu bei, die Präventionsmassnahmen und die Betreuung der exponierten Personen kontinuierlich zu verbessern. |
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German |
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1662-7350 |
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Aussi disponible en français: 50-02745 |
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50-02744 |
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59742 |
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Gmel, Gerhard; Gaume, Jacques; Faouzi, Mohamed; Kulling, Jean-Pierre; Daeppen, Jean-Bernard |
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Title |
Who drinks most of the total alcohol in young men : risky single occasion drinking as normative behaviour |
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Journal Article |
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2008 |
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Alcohol and alcoholism : international journal of the Medical Council on Alcohol |
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43 |
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6; 22.08.2008 |
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692-697 |
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Keywords |
AOD use; alcohol; adolescent; risk-taking behavior; Switzerland |
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Aims: The objectives of this study were to analyse (a) the distribution of risky single-occasion drinking (RSOD) among 19-year-old men in Switzerland and (b) to show the percentage of all alcohol consumption in the form of RSOD. Methods: The study was based on a census of Swiss francophone 19-year-old men consecutively reporting for processing. The study was conducted at Army Recruitment Center. The participants were 4116 recruits consecutively enrolling for mandatory army recruitment procedures between 23 January and 29 August in 2007. The measures were alcohol consumption measured in drinks of ∼10 g of pure alcohol, number of drinking occasions with six or more drinks (RSOD) in the past 12 months and a retrospective 1 week drinking diary. Results: 264 recruits were never seen by the research staff, 3536 of the remaining 3852 conscripts completed a questionnaire which showed that 7.2% abstained from alcohol and 75.5% of those drinking had an RSOD day at least monthly. The typical frequency of drinking was 1–3 days per week on weekends. The average quantity on weekends was about seven drinks, 69.3% of the total weekly consumption was in the form of RSOD days, and of all the alcohol consumed, 96.2% was by drinkers who had RSOD days at least once a month. Conclusion: Among young men, RSOD constitutes the norm. Prevention consequently must address the total population and not only high-risk drinkers. |
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1464-3502 (Online); 0735-0414 (Print) |
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Call Number |
50-13401 |
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59395 |
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Author |
Bundesamt für Gesundheit |
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HIV-, HBV- und HCV-Expositionen im medizinischen Bereich in der Schweiz von 1997 bis 2000 |
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Journal Article |
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2002 |
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Bulletin |
Abbreviated Journal |
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40; 30.09.2002 |
Pages |
692-696 |
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Keywords |
health promotion; viral hepatitis; HIV infection; Aids; prevention; Switzerland |
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Abstract |
Von 1997 bis 2000 wurden den beiden Nationalen Referenzzentren in Lausanne und Zürich 2685 Unfälle durch Stichverletzungen oder Hautkontakte mit biologischen Körperflüssigkeiten gemeldet. Bei 244 Fällen (9,1%) war der Indexpatient HIV positiv, in 317 Fällen (11,8%) wurden beim Indexpatienten Hepatitis-C-Antikörper und in 100 Fällen (3,7%) HBsAg nachgewiesen. Während der ganzen Periode wurde keine Übertragung von HIV oder Hepatitis-B-Viren beobachtet. Hingegen wurden fünf Übertragungen des Hepatitis-C-Virus festgestellt (eine sechste im 2001). Bei 304 Personen wurde eine HIV-Postexpositionsprophylaxe begonnen. In 47% der Fälle wurde die Prophylaxe unterbrochen, meistens als Folge eines negativen HIV-Tests beim Indexpatienten. Die Durchimpfung bezüglich Hepatitis B hat beim Medizinalpersonal weiter zugenommen und betrug im 2000 94%. Die Anwendung von Schutzmassnahmen (insbesondere das Tragen von Handschuhen) ist, obwohl zunehmend, weiterhin ungenügend. Eine möglichst vollständige Meldung der Unfälle durch Stichverletzungen oder Hautkontakte mit biologischen Körperflüssigkeiten ist wesentlich, um die Übertragungsrisiken reduzieren und die Betreuung der exponierten Personen verbessern zu können. |
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German |
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1662-7350 |
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50-02746 |
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59340 |
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