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Author |
European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction; Europol |
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Title |
Methamphetamine : a European Union perspective in the global context |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2009 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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28 |
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Keywords |
addiction; AOD dependence; chemical addiction; amphetamines; Europe |
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Abstract  |
This publication is the first in a series dedicated to prevalent illicit synthetic stimulant drugs, also known as amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS). The ATS category is made up of two groups of substances. This study focuses on the supply and use of methamphetamine in Europe, set in a global context. Methamphetamine is probably the most widely consumed synthetic stimulant in the world. In many countries across the globe it is reportedly the second most prevalent illicit drug after cannabis. |
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Publications Office of the European Union |
Place of Publication |
Luxembourg |
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English |
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1831-4929 |
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978-92-9168-377-2 |
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no |
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Call Number |
50-10485 |
Serial |
49673 |
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Author |
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime; Laboratory and Scientific Section |
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Title |
Terminology and information on drugs |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2003 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Pages |
73 |
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Keywords |
AOD use, abuse, and dependence; chemical addiction; cannabis; cocaine in any form; opium; opioids in any form; CNS depressants; stimulants; hallucinogens; AOD effects and consequences; pharmacology and toxicology; reference work; glossary |
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Abstract |
This publication is intended to give a brief description of the most frequently encountered drugs, as well as definitions of the most relevant scientific terms used in this context. While the publication is by no means exhaustive, it provides basic, generally accepted information on selected drugs of abuse, their abuse patterns, pharmacological effects and medical use, if any. |
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United Nations (UN) |
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New York |
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English |
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no |
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Call Number |
50-c |
Serial |
50006 |
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Author |
Kastelic, Andrej; Pont, Jörg; Stöver, Heino |
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Title |
Opioid substitution treatment in custodial settings : a practical guide |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2008 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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91 |
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Keywords |
treatment and maintenance; prison-based health service; harm reduction; prison; international area |
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Abstract |
This practical guide on “Opioid Substitution Treatment in Custodial Settings” is to support prison doctors, contracted doctors, prison health care workers, prison administration, NGOs and others in delivering or supporting substitution treatment to opioid dependent prisoners. Drug dependence has to be treated as a severe disease and everyone has a part to play to ensure the best treatment for prisoners and also to ensure that drug related harm is kept as low as possible. Applying the recommendations in this guide will contribute to a healthier prison for prisoners with drug dependence with satisfying roles for staff members and a marked reduction in the harm that drug use in prisons can create. |
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BIS-Verlag |
Place of Publication |
Oldenburg |
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United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime; WHO Regional Office for Europe |
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English |
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Also appears as Volume 17 of the series “Gesundheitsförderung im Justizvollzug” (Health Promotion in Prisons). |
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Call Number |
50-00881 |
Serial |
49342 |
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Author |
Crisp, Beth R.; Barber, James G.; Ross, Michael W.; Wodak, Alex; Gold, Julian; Miller, M. E. |
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Title |
Predictors of unsafe injecting drug use |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Drug and alcohol review |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
13 |
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13-19 |
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Keywords |
intravenous drug user; risk factors; needle sharing; risk-taking behavior; Australia; Sydney; study |
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Abstract |
This paper reports on the incidence of unsafe injecting and the factors which influence this practice in a sample of 1245 Sydney injecting drug users (IDUs). Using a needle and syringe after someone else at some time in the last six months was reported in 41.6% of the sample. Taking into account those who claimed always to clean used needles with virucidal methods, 32.9% had placed themselves at risk of HIV infection from shared needles in the six months prior to interview. Seven factors were predictive of unsafe behaviour. These were (a) the amount spent per week on drugs, (b) the number of times a single needle was used prior to disposal, (c) having shared with a person who is now HIV infected, (d) having a regular sexual partner, (e) the proportion of times high, stoned or drunk when injecting, (f) being part of a group that injects together and (g) having been in prison. |
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no |
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Call Number |
50-02980 |
Serial |
59784 |
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Author |
Cox, Gemma M.; Lawless, Marie C.; Cassin, Sean P.; Geoghegan, Tony W. |
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Title |
Syringe exchanges : a public health response to problem drug use |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Irish Medical Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
93 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
143-146 |
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Keywords |
harm reduction |
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Abstract |
This paper presents the findings of the first ever Irish follow-up study to establish the effectiveness of syringe exchanges as a harm reduction strategy in the context of public health. The study was conducted in collaboration with 370 injecting drug users who attended the Merchant’s Quay Project’s Health Promotion Unit between May 1st 1997 and October 31st 1998. Data was collected from respondents by means of a structured interview at first visit and three-months after initial contact. Evidence from the study demonstrates that syringe exchanges play an important contributing role in significantly reducing the numbers reporting both the use of heroin as a primary drug (n=41; McNemar x2=10.1;p<0.01), and its frequency of use (n=70; McNemar x2=4.13;p<0.05) at follow-up. Moreover, there were significant reductions in the reported borrowing (n=60; McNemar x2=10.1;p<0.01) and lending (n=42: McNemar x2=7.9;p<0.01) of used injecting equipment. There was however no significant change in the reported sharing of injecting paraphernalia or in levels of reported condom use. The results of this study illustrate that low threshold services such as the Health Promotion Unit have the ability to attract injecting drug users not in contact with other drug treatment services. Furthermore, this type of service has been shown to be effective in maintaining contact with injecting drug users and promoting safer drug use among attendees. Even though the distribution of sterile injecting equipment reduces the situational sharing, this is hampered by the limited availability of sterile injecting equipment in Dublin. There is a need to continue to develop strategies to prevent HIV and hepatitis C transmission. One such approach would be to develop effective outreach as a means of reaching greater numbers of drug users earlier in their injecting histories. Other areas for future HIV and HCV prevention include discouraging the transition from smoking to injecting, and among those who inject, encouraging further reductions in sharing, sustaining risk reduction over time, and encouraging the adoption of safer sexual behaviour. |
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0332-3102 |
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Notes |
1 Physisch vorhanden |
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no |
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Call Number |
50-03123 |
Serial |
59804 |
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Author |
Atkinson, Amanda M.; Sumnall, Harry R. |
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Title |
alcohol and drug depictions in magazines consumed by young people |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
SuchtMagazin |
Abbreviated Journal |
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36 |
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5; 10/2010 |
Pages |
23-24 |
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Keywords |
nightlife; AOD use; psychoactive substances; conference proceedings; journal article |
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Abstract |
This paper presents an overview of findings from a content analysis of depictions of alcohol and illicit drugs in popular UK magazines read by young people aged 11 to 18 years. Findings are discussed in relation to the potential influence of media representations of substance use on young people’s attitudes and behaviours and the potential role of the media in disseminating health related messages to young people. |
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1422-2221 |
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Auch auf Deutsch vorhanden |
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no |
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Call Number |
60.01-001 |
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60486 |
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Author |
Stockwell, Tim; Thomas, Gerald |
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Title |
Is alcohol too cheap in the UK ? : The case for setting a minimum unit price for alcohol : an Institute of alcohol Studies report |
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Report |
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2013 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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22 |
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Keywords |
public policy on alcohol; alcoholic beverage distribution laws; cost (economic); price elasticity of demand; AOD price; health promotion; epidemiology; alcohol abuse; AOD effects and AODR problems; AODR mortality; statistical data; international area; United Kingdom; Canada |
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This paper offers a perspective on the research evidence for minimum pricing for alcohol as a public health measure from a country where this policy idea originated. It looks at the current data on the negative impacts from heavy drinking in the UK, framing the need for an effective policy response, and gives an overview of the evidence to support minimum unit pricing (MUP) as a means of addressing the issue. In presenting the evidence to support MUP, this paper addresses some common criticisms of the policy, including those that have originated from alcohol industry sources. It concludes that policymakers can be confident that substantial total net health and social benefits will follow if MUP is introduced in the UK. |
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Institute of alcohol Studies (IAS) |
Place of Publication |
St Ives |
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English |
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IAS-Website down |
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no |
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Call Number |
50-13010 |
Serial |
56613 |
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Author |
Rhodes, Tim; Holland, Janet; Hartnoll, Richard; Johnson, Anne |
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Title |
HIV outreach health education : national and international perspectives : summary report to the department of health |
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Report |
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1991 |
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addiction; AOD dependence; chemical addiction |
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This paper focuses on the prevalence and profile of opiate use, primarily heroin, in the United States and Europe. Methods include representative population surveys, which understate prevalence, and targeted approaches, which reflect more problematic use. In the United States and Europe, the lifetime prevalence of opiate use reported in surveys remained stable over the 1980s (around 1%), though young adults report higher rates. Estimates for the early 1990s suggest that the prevalence of problematic heroin use in the United States was double the average for western Europe. However, in a few European countries prevalence is now approaching that of the United States. Rates in major cities are considerably higher, especially in the north-east and south-west of the United States. Higher prevalence is often, although not always, associated with socio-economic deprivation. An important trend away from injecting is observed, notably in some European countries. Heroin availability and use, as well as serious heroin-related consequences, are increasing again in many European countries after an apparent pause in the mid-1980s. They are also increasing in parts of the United States. Heroin remains a public health priority, especially among vulnerable populations, including young people in central and eastern Europe. |
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Drug Indicators Project |
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London |
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English |
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Call Number |
50-03475 |
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56239 |
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Author |
Benso, Vincent |
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Title |
User-dealers – harm reduction's forgotten people |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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SuchtMagazin |
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36 |
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5; 10/2010 |
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34-36 |
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nightlife; AOD use; psychoactive substances; conference proceedings; journal article |
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This paper focuses on the often neglected set of individuals who engage in both the use and selling of illicit drugs; user-dealers. It reports the findings of a qualitative study conducted among cocaine dealers operating in Parisian techno parties; highlighting the routes into and out of using-dealing, the particular risks faced by this population, and the need for health and criminal justice agencies to better understand and address these issues. |
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1422-2221 |
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Auch auf Deutsch vorhanden |
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60.01-001 |
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60490 |
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Author |
Halkitis, Perry N.; Palamar, Joseph J. |
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Title |
Multivariate modeling of club drug use initiation among gay and bisexual men |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Substance use and misuse |
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43 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
871-879 |
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Keywords |
methamphetamines; designer drug; research chemical; cocaine; ecstasy; ketamine; gamma-hydroxybutyric acid; gay male; bisexual; AOD use initiation; New York City |
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Abstract |
This paper documents patterns and sequence of initiation of club drug use in a sample of 450 gay and bisexual men in New York City. Quantitative and qualitative baseline data from a yearlong longitudinal investigation conducted between 2001 and 2005 were analyzed. The study focused on the use of five club drugs – cocaine, GHB, ketamine, ecstasy, and methamphetamine – using self-reported indications of use for a period of 4 months prior to assessment. Patterns of club drug use among gay and bisexual demonstrated that poly-club-drug use is common, and that patterns of use can be differentiated along the lines of age, race/ethnicity, and sexual orientation, with those who are older, Black, and bisexual, reporting less club drug use. The majority of the men initiated use of the five club drugs as follows: (a) cocaine, (b) ecstasy, (c) ketamine, (d) methamphetamine, and (e) GHB. Variations in patterns were related to both age and level of poly-club-drug use. The sequencing and/or patterns of club drug use may be better explained by socialization processes in the gay community than by Gateway Theory, which has been traditionally used to explain patterns of drug use in the population. Future research should more closely examine the synergy of drug use combinations with an emphasis on measuring the extent to which the drugs are taken in synchronicity. |
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1532-2491 (electronic); 1082-6084 (paper) |
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50-aaap |
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59571 |
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