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Author |
Zurbrügg, Christoph |
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Title |
La politica svizzera dell'alcool e della prevenzione : uno sguardo retrospettivo con particolare riguardo al ruolo della Regìa federale degli alcool |
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Report |
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Year |
2009 |
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27 |
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government and politics; psychoactive substances; alcohol; prevention; prevention through supply reduction; laws and regulations; history; cooperation; Switzerland; Regìa federale degli alcool (body) |
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Abstract |
La prima regolamentazione dell’alcool fu introdotta nel 1887 allo scopo di controllare l’offerta del distillato di patate; come in altri Paesi anche in Svizzera il distillato di patate, che era a buon mercato, causava gravi problemi di alcolismo. Il monopolio della produzione e dell’importazione di questo tipo di bevande alcoliche venne trasferito alla Confederazione e l’offerta fu limitata. La seconda regolamentazione dell’alcool risale al 1932 e aveva lo scopo di controllare l’offerta del distillato di frutta, anch’esso a buon mercato. Il campo di applicazione di questa regolamentazione venne esteso alla distillazione della frutta. Negli anni precedenti la Seconda guerra mondiale i suddetti obiettivi si integrarono con quello dell’utilizzo analcolico di frutta e patate: la politica dell’alcool stava evolvendo verso una politica agricola e dell’alimentazione. Questa fase della politica dell’alcool si protrasse fino agli anni Novanta. I progetti di legge nell’ambito della proposta di adesione allo Spazio economico europeo (SEE) del 1992 segnarono l’inizio di una nuova epoca. In Svizzera l’imposta sull’alcool divenne eurocompatibile. L’internazionalizzazione dei mercati dell’alcool determinò la riduzione dei prezzi e rese più facile l’accesso alle bevande alcoliche, anche per i giovani e i fanciulli. Nel 1994 la Commissione della gestione del Consiglio nazionale chiese di stabilire una chiara gerarchia degli scopi della Regìa federale degli alcool (RFA), ossia di abbandonare l’obiettivo dell’utilizzo analcolico e di perseguire obiettivi di politica sanitaria. Oggi la prevenzione richiede un impegno maggiore rispetto al passato e questo si riflette anche nella varietà delle nozioni. Non è più sufficiente controllare l’offerta. Due studi fondati su solide basi influenzano in modo decisivo l’attività di prevenzione, formulando le migliori prassi (best practices). L’imposta sull’alcool è ritenuta «efficace ed economica», mentre le regolamentazioni del mercato sono considerate «efficaci ed economiche ma solo parzialmente applicabili». Studi scientifici dimostrano che non è dannoso bere regolarmente una quantità moderata di alcool. Conclusione: la politica dell’alcool è migliore di quel che si dice. In particolare l’intervento della Confederazione nel XIX secolo, volto a controllare l’offerta e ad orientarla alla tutela della salute, ha consentito di migliorare rapidamente la drammatica situazione sociale di allora. La rinuncia ad includere nella politica dell’alcool le bevande alcoliche fermentate, in particolare la birra, è stata un’omissione gravida di conseguenze. La politica dell’alcool deve avere finalità chiare e disporre di strumenti efficaci ed economici. La ricerca sull’alcool fornisce a tal fine mezzi adeguati. L’efficienza è richiesta anche sul piano dell’organizzazione, della ripartizione dei compiti e del coordinamento tra i diversi attori, vale a dire dell’Amministrazione federale, dei Cantoni, dei Comuni e delle organizzazioni private. La politica deve però essere eurocompatibile in considerazione della globalizzazione dei mercati e gli strumenti devono essere effettivamente applicabili a livello nazionale. |
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Christoph Zurbrügg |
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Burgdorf |
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Italian |
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Riassunto anche disponibile; auch auf Deutsch vorhanden; aussi disponible en français |
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56724 |
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Author |
Swiss Alcohol Board |
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Title |
The Swiss Alcohol Board : shortport-advised |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2008 |
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8 |
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government and politics; AOD use; alcohol; taxes; AOD product advertising; production and distribution; Switzerland |
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Swiss Alcohol Board (SAB) |
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Berne |
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English |
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Auch auf Deutsch vorhanden; aussi disponible en français; anche disponibile in italiano |
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no |
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50-j |
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61611 |
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Office fédéral de la justice |
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Title |
Les appareils à sous sont les principaux responsables de la pathologie du jeu : Etude sur la pathologie du jeu en Suisse |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2004 |
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2 |
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pathological gambling; research; Switzerland |
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Office fédéral de la justice (OFJ) |
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Berne |
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French |
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Auch auf Deutsch vorhanden |
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no |
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50-j |
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61755 |
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Author |
Stamm, René |
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Title |
Etat actuel et futur de QuaThéDA |
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Conference Article |
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2003 |
Publication |
Symposium QuaTheDA 2003 : Satisfaction des client-e-s |
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2 |
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quality; quality control; QuaTheDA; addiction care; client satisfaction; Switzerland; conference |
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Office fédéral de la santé publique (OFSP) |
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Berne |
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French |
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no |
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50-i |
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61226 |
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Author |
Fachgruppe Kontakt- und Anlaufstellen |
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Title |
Standards für Kontakt- und Anlaufstellen der niederschwelligen Sucht-Hilfe |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2001 |
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7 |
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harm reduction; contact center; employee-related issues; concept; quality control; recommendations or guidelines; Switzerland |
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Im Februar 2001 durch die Fachgruppe K&A des VSD (Verband Sucht- und Drogenfachleute Deutschschweiz) im Sinne einer Leitplanke und Orientierungshilfe verabschiedete “Standards für Kontakt- und Anlaufstellen der niederschwelligen Sucht-Hilfe”. Aktualisiert im Juli 2002. |
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Verband Sucht- und Drogenfachleute Deutschschweiz, Fachgruppe Kontakt- und Anlaufstellen |
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Zürich |
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German |
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Aussi disponible en français |
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no |
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50-i |
Serial |
49513 |
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Author |
various |
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Title |
Spectra No. 69 : Sport and violence |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Spectra : prevention and health promotion |
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69; 06/2008 |
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4 |
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sports; violence; sexual abuse; prevention through education; alcohol; child; adolescent; school; secondary prevention; conference; homosexual; HIV infection; risk-taking behavior; survey; prostitution; health promotion; association; prevention campaign; smoking; Switzerland; Mader, Regula; Baumberger, Petra; interview |
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Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH) |
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Berne |
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English |
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Auch auf Deutsch vorhanden; aussi disponible en français |
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no |
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50-i |
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60641 |
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Author |
Winter, Dani |
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Title |
Erst Ecstasy, danach die Sexpille : jetzt schlucken Techno-Freaks auch Viagra und Co |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
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PULStip, das Schweizer Gesundheitsmagazin |
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2001 |
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1; 01/2001 |
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7-9 |
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MDMA; ecstasy; ketamine; dextromethorphan; methylphenidate; Ritalin; flunitrazepam; Rohypnol; organic impotence; sildenafil; Viagra; social event; nightlife; AOD induced risk; secondary prevention; cardiocirculatory collapse; multiple drug use; Switzerland; United Kingdom; Germany |
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German |
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59486 |
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Federal Office of Public Health |
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Title |
Men are strong – strongly at risk of addiction |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
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Spectra : prevention and health promotion |
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57; 07/2006 |
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4 |
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gender; man; addiction; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; prevention; treatment and maintenance; recommendations or guidelines; Switzerland |
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Auch auf Deutsch vorhanden; aussi disponible en français |
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no |
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59320 |
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Author |
Mutter, Bettina |
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Title |
Entzugsstation : Süchtige werden als Geisteskranke behandelt |
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Magazine Article |
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Year |
1996 |
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Facts |
Abbreviated Journal |
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14 |
Pages |
1 |
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treatment and maintenance; inpatient care; detoxification center; quality control; Switzerland; Valais; Rives du Rhône (body) |
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German |
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59008 |
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Author |
Gotthelf, Jeremias; Schmidt, Alexandre |
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Title |
Fin lamentable de cinq jeunes filles victimes de l'eau-de-vie : une nouvelle de Jeremias Gotthelf : Avant la révision totale de la loi sur l'alcool |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2009 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Pages |
71, 24 |
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Keywords |
government and politics; psychoactive substances; alcohol; law; amendment; Switzerland |
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Régie fédérale des alcools (RFA) |
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Berne |
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French; German; Italian; Romansh |
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Publication quadrilingue français-allemand-italien-romanche; viersprachige Publikation Französisch-Deutsch-Italienisch-Rätoromanisch; pubblicazione quadrilingue francese-tedesco-italiano-romancio; publicaziun quadrilingua franzos-tudestg-talian-rumantsch; auch auf Deutsch vorhanden |
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54476 |
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