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Author |
Darke, Shane |
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Title |
Benzodiazepine use among injecting drug users: problems and implications (Editorial) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Addiction |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
89 |
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379-382 |
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Keywords |
addiction; AOD dependence; chemical addiction; benzodiazepines |
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Call Number |
50-10101 |
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59854 |
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Author |
Darke, Shane |
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Title |
The Use of Benzodiazepines Among Injecting Drug Users |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Drug and alcohol review |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
13 |
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63-69 |
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Keywords |
addiction; AOD dependence; chemical addiction; benzodiazepines |
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Benzodiazepine use among injecting drug users (IDUs) presents a major clinical and public health problem that may increase in importance. The current paper examines the research on the extent of benzodiazepine use among IDUs and the harmful consequences associated with such use. Numerous studies have found benzodiazepine use to be widespread among IDUs, and to be associated with greater levels of risk-taking and polydrug use, and poorer psychosocial functioning than other IDUs. The injection of benzodiazepines has also been reported, and presents problems in itself. The implications of existing research for both clinical practice and research are discussed. |
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Call Number |
50-10100 |
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59853 |
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Author |
Nordt, Carlos; Stohler, Rudolf |
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Title |
Estimating heroin epidemics with data of patients in methadone maintenance treatment, collected during a single treatment day |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Addiction |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
103 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
591-597 |
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Keywords |
heroin; incidence; methadone; treatment and maintenance; prevalence; study; statistical data; Zurich (canton); Switzerland |
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AIMS: Effects of differing drug policies are difficult to evaluate, because time trends in the spread of heroin use, the most problematic illicit drug world-wide, are unknown in almost all countries. We aimed to develop a simple method to estimate these dynamics with data that can be gathered from patients in substitution treatment within a single day. DESIGN: We tested the assumption that being in substitution treatment on any day depends solely upon individual time since onset of regular heroin use (following a ’general inclusion function’). We used data from the case register for substitution treatments in the canton of Zurich (1992–2004), comprising 9518 patients, to model a ’general inclusion function’. Applying this function, we calculated 30 incidence curves for heroin dependence, each with data of one of 30 randomly chosen treatment days between 1992 and 2004. FINDINGS: Incidence modelling led to 30 similar curves, and therefore our hypothesis was corroborated. Additionally, our approach also revealed a restricted access to substitution treatment in the early 1990s and a decline in demand due to the introduction of heroin-assisted treatment from 1994 onwards. CONCLUSIONS: In the canton of Zurich, the probability of being in substitution treatment can be described by a ’general inclusion function’, and therefore dynamics of heroin epidemics can be estimated based on data of a single treatment day. Adaptation of our function to areas with a more restricted access to substitution treatment may permit these estimations also in other regions or countries. Thus, our approach facilitates the urgently needed assessment of the effects of different drug policies. |
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0965-2140 |
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Call Number |
50-06044 |
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59850 |
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Author |
Selwyn, Peter A. |
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Title |
Overcoming the mind/body dichotomy in drug abuse treatment |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Addiction |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
91 |
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1 |
Pages |
11-13 |
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Keywords |
treatment and maintenance; addiction care; addiction; AOD dependence; chemical addiction; HIV infection; Aids; intravenous drug user |
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1360-0443 |
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Call Number |
50-05739 |
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59848 |
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Author |
Seivewright, Nicholas A.; Greenwood, Judy |
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Title |
What is important in drug misuse treatment? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1996 |
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The Lancet |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
347 |
Issue |
10.02.1996 |
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373-376 |
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Keywords |
treatment and maintenance; methadone maintenance; harm reduction; HIV infection; detoxification; drug substitution therapy; United Kingdom |
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0140-6736 |
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50-05737 |
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59847 |
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Author |
Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich; Perkonigg, Axel; Reed, Victoria |
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Title |
Comorbidity of mental disorders and substance use disorders |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1996 |
Publication |
European addiction research |
Abbreviated Journal |
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2 |
Issue |
1 |
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36-47 |
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Keywords |
addiction; AOD dependence; chemical addiction; behavioral and mental disorder |
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Recent major epidemiological surveys in general population samples throughout the world have demonstrated that substance use disorders are among the most frequent forms of mental disorders in the community, and are also frequently associated with other forms of mental disorders. This paper briefly reviews the concept of comorbidity and summarizes more recent data concerning the frequency of comorbidity of substance use disorders. The review is limited to studies in the general population using standardized diagnostic interviews. Specific emphasis is laid upon the most recent data from the National Comorbidity Survey, that specifically addressed comorbidity issues in detail. The clear majority of subjects with a definite substance use disorder according to the strict DSM-III-R definition has or has had at least one other comorbid mental disorder. Comorbidity rates between specific substance use disorders and other mental disorders will be compared and discussed in light of several other international epidemiological studies. Furthermore time sequences of substance use disorders and comorbid disorders are presented. Potential pathogenetic and clinical implications are addressed. |
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1022-6877 |
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Call Number |
50-05356 |
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59840 |
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Author |
Herrlin, Karin; Segerdahl, Märta; Gustafsson, Lars L.; Kalso, Eija |
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Title |
Methadone, ciprofloxacin, and adverse drug reactions |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2000 |
Publication |
The Lancet |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
356 |
Issue |
9247; 16.12.2000 |
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2069-2070 |
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treatment and maintenance; methadone; ciprofloxacin; adverse drug effect |
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Abstract |
Ciprofloxacin, given to a patient successfully treated with methadone for more than 6 years, caused profound sedation, confusion, and respiratory depression. We suggest that this was caused by ciprofloxacin inhibition of CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 activity, two of the cytochrome p450 isozymes involved in the metabolism of methadone. |
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0140-6736 |
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50-03421 |
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59836 |
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Author |
Lader, Malcolm; Russell, Justin |
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Title |
Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of benzodiazepine dependence: summary of a report from the Mental Health Foundation |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Addiction |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
88 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1707-1708 |
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Keywords |
addiction; AOD dependence; chemical addiction; drug |
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Call Number |
50-03367 |
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59832 |
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Author |
Kolar, Anne F.; Brown, Barry S.; Weddington, William W.; Haertzen, Charles C.; Michaelson, Barry S.; Jaffe, Jerome H. |
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Title |
Treatment of cocaine dependence in methadone maintenance clients : a pilot study comparing the efficacy of desipramine and amantadine |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1992 |
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International journal of the addictions |
Abbreviated Journal |
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27 |
Issue |
7 |
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849-868 |
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addiction; AOD dependence; chemical addiction; cocaine |
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We conducted a pilot study (N = 22) comparing the efficacy of desipramine and amantadine for treatment of cocaine dependence in methadone maintenance clients. The study which lasted 12 weeks, was double-blind, randomly assigned, and placebo-controlled. Subjects met DSM-III-R criteria for active cocaine dependence. All three groups’ cocaine use, craving, and depressive symptoms declined significantly, but intergroup differences were not significant. Clients receiving desipramine were significantly more likely to remain in treatment and to be cocaine free at study completion. The results emphasize the importance of delivering comprehensive services to the cocaine user in methadone treatment. Further evaluations of these two medications as adjuncts in the treatment of cocaine dependence are needed. |
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50-03340 |
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59831 |
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Author |
Fitzgerald, John L. |
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Title |
MDMA and Harm |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1991 |
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International journal of drug policy |
Abbreviated Journal |
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2 |
Issue |
4 |
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22-24 |
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Keywords |
addiction; AOD dependence; chemical addiction; ecstasy |
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Call Number |
50-03286 |
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59829 |
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