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Niederhäuser, Y. (2006). A memory bank focusing on AIDS. Spectra : prevention and health promotion, (57; 07/2006), 4.
Keywords: HIV infection; Aids; archive; Switzerland; international area
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Müller, S. (2006). Global approach to controlling the tobacco epidemic. Spectra : prevention and health promotion, (57; 07/2006), 3.
Keywords: prevention program; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; chemical addiction; tobacco in any form; public health; public policy on health; legislation; international area; Switzerland
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Guzei, K. (2001). Austrian National Focal Point : Österreichisches Bundesinstitut für Gesundheitswesen (ÖBIG) (Austrian Health Institute). Drugnet Europe : newsletter of the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, 6(30; 07/2001), 6.
Keywords: government and politics; AOD use, abuse, and dependence; treatment and maintenance; addiction care; quality control; international area; Austria; Österreichisches Bundesinstitut für Gesundheitswesen (body)
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Reinhard, U. (2007). The tobacco prevention campaign to be continued. Spectra : prevention and health promotion, (66; 12/2007), 2.
Abstract: Evaluation of the tobacco prevention campaign. The «BRAVO» campaign launched in 2006 is part of the National Tobacco Prevention Programme. After the campaigns on «Smoking is harmful…» (information/ awareness) and «Fresh air, please» (mobilising the public), BRAVO now sends a positive message and focuses on recognition of the benefits of tobacco-free environments. It uses this positive message to further consolidate what has already been achieved in tobacco control.
Keywords: prevention campaign; tobacco in any form; program evaluation; Switzerland
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Eggenberger, C. (2007). A vision of the future in which “not smoking is the norm” needs a long-term perspective and strong political support. Spectra : prevention and health promotion, (66; 12/2007), 2.
Abstract: Evaluation of the National Tobacco Prevention Programme. The National Tobacco Prevention Programme (NPTP) 2001– 2005/08 has been successful overall, especially in promoting «not smoking» as the social norm. This is the main conclusion drawn by the evaluation of the programme. The evaluators recommend the long-term continuation of this kind of tobacco prevention programme with a broad range of action. In the next phase the issue of advertising should be addressed and the WHO tobacco convention ratified. At all events, the tobacco programme needs strong leadership and broad support.
Keywords: tobacco in any form; prevention; program evaluation; advertising; Switzerland
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Stamm, R. (2007). Substitution treatment : escape route or dead end? Spectra : prevention and health promotion, (66; 12/2007), 4.
Abstract: Drug substitution. What role do methadone maintenance programmes or heroin-assisted treatment play in present-day drug policy? Can they aim for cure or are they merely palliative? To what extent is drug substitution therapy? These and other basic questions were considered by over 300 participants in the presentations and 19 workshops at the National Substitution Conference (NASUKO) held in Berne on 6 and 7 September 2007.
Keywords: treatment and maintenance; drug substitution therapy; heroin-assisted treatment; methadone maintenance; conference; Switzerland; Berne
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Lévy, A. (2007). alcohol abuse in older people : underestimated, denied, romanticised. Spectra : prevention and health promotion, (66; 12/2007), 3.
Abstract: Increasingly younger «binge drinkers» tend to be the focus of public attention. This problem therefore overshadows another addiction problem that is all too often overlooked: alcohol abuse in older people: in Switzerland, some 73,000 people over the age of 65 regularly drink excessive amounts of alcohol. And this figure looks set to rise steadily given the demographic trend – over-65s will in future account for about a third of the Swiss population. Both ethically and economically, continuing to downplay or blank out the «just a few drinks» attitude is no longer acceptable.
Keywords: alcohol dependence; elderly; epidemiology; economic cost of AODU; demographic change; AOD associated consequences; Switzerland
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Grant, J. E., Kushner, M. G., & Kim, S. W. (2002). Pathological gambling and alcohol use disorder. Alcohol research and health, 26(2), 143–150.
Abstract: Problematic gambling is more common among people with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) (i.e., either alcohol abuse or dependence) compared with those without AUDs. This association holds true for people in the general population and is even more pronounced among people receiving treatment. No broadly accepted explanation for the link between problematic gambling and AUD currently exists. The available literature suggests that common factors may increase the risk for both conditions. For example, a defect of functioning in a particular brain system may underlie both conditions. This hypothesis should be further developed using brain imaging and psychopharmacological studies. Effective treatment and prevention will require additional research into relevant associations on both the event level (e.g., the effects of drinking on gambling behavior and vice versa) and the syndrome level (e.g., the relative onset and course of each condition among those who have either one or both disorders). A prudent interpretation of the available data suggests careful screening and treatment when necessary for problematic gambling among people with alcohol abuse and for alcohol abuse among people with gambling problems.
Keywords: pathological gambling; Aodd; comorbidity; etiology; diagnostic criteria; disinhibition; impulsive behavior; ventral tegmental area; encephalopathy; naltrexone; genetic linkage; causal path analysis; treatment outcome
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Waldvogel, D., Figner, B., & Eich, D. (2005). Illicit methadone injecting during methadone maintenance treatment in a specialised out-patient clinic. Swiss Medical Weekly, 135(43-44; 29.10.2005), 644–646.
Abstract: Aim: The injection of non-sterile methadone designed for oral consumption is associated with serious health risks. There is only a small number of studies on this topic, with divergent results. The main aim of the present study was to obtain data on the frequency of methadone injecting in a state out-patient clinic specialised in substance use disorders. Methods: Eighty patients in methadone maintenance treatment were interviewed with a short questionnaire. Mean age was 32 years, 76% were male, mean methadone dose was 55 mg. Results: Twenty-six patients (32%) indicated having injected methadone at least once in their life. Only four patients (5%) reported having injected methadone within the preceding month (mean dose 56 mg). All four had injected additional substances during this month. Conclusions: Frequency rates appeared low compared with other studies despite a generous take-away policy. The results suggest an association between methadone injecting and a more general tendency to inject substances.
Keywords: methadone; intravenous injection; AOD abuse; harm reduction; prevalence
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Liechti, M. E., Kunz, I., & Kupferschmidt, H. (2005). Acute medical problems due to ecstasy use : case-series of emergency department visits. Swiss Medical Weekly, 135(43-44; 29.10.2005), 652–657.
Abstract: Study aim: To describe the clinical characteristics of Ecstasy (3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, MDMA) toxicity. Methods: Retrospective case-study of 52 selfreported Ecstasy intoxications presenting to our Emergency Department (ED) between January 2001 and December 2003. Results: Most patients ingested Ecstasy together with other substances, including alcohol (51.9%) or other illicit drugs (71.1%). Medical problems leading to ED presentation were collapse or loss of consciousness (36.5%), palpitations (19.2%), dizziness or weakness (15.4%), and anxiety (13.5%). When other drugs were used in combination with Ecstasy the clinical presentation significantly changed. Panic reactions were observed in 4 of 13 patients with cocaine co-use (30.7%), compared to 3 of 39 patients without cocaine use (7.7%). Deep coma was found in 11 of 16 patients with co-use of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) or opiates (68.8%) but in none of the 36 patients who took Ecstasy without these drugs. Most patients were monitored in the ED. Six patients (11.5%) were transferred to an intensive care unit. Medical complications were severe in five patients and included cardiac arrest, hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, renal insufficiency and liver failure, seizures, and one fatal outcome. Conclusions: The clinical picture of Ecstasy related problems is complicated by multiple drug ingestion. Co-use of cocaine induces panic reactions. Co-use of GHB or opiates results in depressed levels of consciousness.
Keywords: AOD abuse; ecstasy; MDMA; AOD intoxication
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