| Records |
| Author |
Nappo, Solange A.; Galduroz, Jose Carlos F.; Noto, Ana R. |
| Title |
Crack use in São Paulo |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Substance use and misuse |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
31 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
565-579 |
| Keywords |
AOD use; AOD associated consequences; crack cocaine; study; Brazil; journal article |
| Abstract |
Documented crack use emerged in São Paulo, Brazil, from 1991 onward. Therefore, it is a recent behavior among drug users. The present work draws a profile of São Paulo crack users, employing an ethnographic approach. Twenty-five crack users were interviewed on selected social and demographic characteristics, on the drug itself and its consumption, and on the consequences of this use. Crack cocaine is harmful for the user, leading within a short period to a condition of dependence. The crack users reported ultimately lapsing into “marginality” due to social isolation, neglect of bodily needs, and breakdown of family ties and other relationships. |
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English |
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1082-6084 |
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no |
| Call Number |
50-00379 |
Serial |
59635 |
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| Author |
Musset, Thierry; Broers, Barbara |
| Title |
Problèmes de santé liés à l'usage des drogues illégales : évolution des motifs d'hospitalisation pour les usagers de drogues traités à l'Hôpital Cantonal de Genève entre 1993 et 1998 |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Bulletin des médecins suisses |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
80 |
Issue |
34 |
Pages |
2059-2063 |
| Keywords |
health promotion; AOD induced risk; infection; hepatitis B; hepatitis C; HIV infection; Aids; AOD dependence; illicit drug; drug user; hospital; Geneva |
| Abstract |
A Genève, de nombreuses mesures ont été prises pour améliorer la situation sanitaire des usagers de drogues: libre accès au matériel d’injection, augmentation et diversification des traitements (incluant méthadone et prescription expérimentale d’héroïne), accès aux soins de santé primaire et campagne de vaccination contre l’hépatite B. En 1993, un poste d’infirmier spécialisé en toxicodépendance a été crée à l’Hôpital Cantonal afin de mieux répondre aux besoins de soins spécifiques de ces patients. Cette étude décrit les principales caractéristiques socio-démographiques des patients toxicodépendants hospitalisés, des problèmes de santé motivant les hospitalisations ainsi que l’évolution des problèmes de santé sur cinq années (1993 -1998). Les principaux résultats montrent une augmentation importante du nombre de patients déjà suivis en milieu spécialisé au moment de l’hospitalisation, une baisse de la séroprévalence VIH et VHB et peu de changement concernant la séroprévalence de l’hépatite C. L’évolution des motifs d’hospitalisation montre une baisse relative des hospitalisations liées au Sida et aux accidents et une augmentation des hospitalisations liées aux abcès, probablement en lien avec une récente augmentation de la consommation de cocaïne par injection. |
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French |
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0036-7486 |
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no |
| Call Number |
50-00375 |
Serial |
59634 |
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| Author |
Kurz, Thomas |
| Title |
Die stationäre Drogentherapie im Frühjahr 1989 : eine Vollerhebung im deutschschweizerischen Therapiebereich |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Die Kette : schweizerisches Magazin für Drogenfragen |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
15 |
Issue |
4; 12/1989 |
Pages |
15-18 |
| Keywords |
treatment and maintenance; inpatient care; residential facility; HIV infection; statistical data; survey; Switzerland; German-speaking Switzerland |
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German |
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1422-223x |
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Siehe auch: 50-00330 |
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no |
| Call Number |
50-00329 |
Serial |
59633 |
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| Author |
Kornet, M.; Goosen, C.; Van Ree, J. M. |
| Title |
Effect of naltrexone on alcohol consumtion during chronic alcohol drinking and after a period of imposed abstinence in free-choice drinking rhesus monkeys |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Psychopharmacology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
104 |
Issue |
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Pages |
367-376 |
| Keywords |
AOD use; alcohol; naltrexone; alcoholic; AOD abstinence; rhesus monkey; research |
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English |
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no |
| Call Number |
50-00316 |
Serial |
59632 |
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| Author |
Herz, Albert |
| Title |
Endogenous opioid systems and alcohol addiction |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Psychopharmacology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
129; 01/1997 |
Pages |
99-111 |
| Keywords |
addiction; alcohol; opioids in any form; dopamine; naltrexone; prevention; relapse prevention; research; journal article |
| Abstract |
alcohol exei.ts numerous pharmacological effects through its interaction with various neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. Among the latter, the endogenous opioids playa key role in the rewarding (addictive) properties of ethanol. Three types of opioid receptors represent the respective targets of the major opioid peptides (p-endorphin, enkephalins and dynorphins, respectively). The rewarding (reinforcing) properties of 11- and 8-receptor ligands are brought about by activation of the mesolimbic dopamine system which ascends from the ventral tegmentum of the midbrain (VTA) to rostral structures: of these, the nucleus accumbens (NAC) is of particular importance in drug addiction. In contrast, dysphoria results from activation of K-receptors. The neurochemical manifestations of these opposing effects are, respectively, increases and decreases in dopamine release in the NAC. Several lines of evidence indicate that alcohol interferes with endogenous opioid mechanisms which are closely linked with dopamine transmission in the mesolimbic pathway. The view that condensation products of dopamine and alcohol-derived aldehyde (tetrahydroisoquinolines) playa role remains controversial. There is. however, much information on the direct (acute and chronic) effects of alcohol on the binding properties of opioid receptors, as well as modulation of opioid peptide synthesis and secretion (e.g. a suggested increase in p-endorphin release). In view of the reinforcing properties of alcohol. it is relevant to consider behavioural studies involving alcohol self-administration in rodents and primates. Low doses of morphine have been found to increase. and higher doses of the opiate to decrease, alcohol consumption. Conversely, opi()id antagonists such as naloxone and naltrexone (which bind to non-selectively opioid receptors) have been shown to decrease alcohol consumption under various experimental conditions. Similar results have been reported when selective 11- or b-receptor antagonists are administered. Results obtained in genetic models of high preference for alcohol also support the view that alcohol intake depends on the activity of the endogenous opioid reward system and that alcohol consumption may serve to compensate for inherent deficits in this system. One hypothetical model proposes that reward results from activation of opioid receptors in the VTA and/or b-receptors in the NAC; both these nuclei are targets of endogenous p-endorphin. It is suggested that alcohol interferes with this reward pathway either directly or indirectly. The available experimental data accord well with those obtained from clinical studies in which opioid antagonists have been used to prevent relapse in alcoholics. Conceptual considerations concerning communalities between various forms of addictions are also discussed in this review. |
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0033-3158 |
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no |
| Call Number |
50-00274 |
Serial |
59630 |
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| Author |
Heger, Rolf-Joachim |
| Title |
Qualitätsmanagement in sozialen Einrichtungen : Der Q-Beauftragte – Lotse auf schwierigem Terrain |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
MQ – Management und Qualität |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
34 |
Issue |
05/2004 |
Pages |
8-10 |
| Keywords |
quality; workplace context; social institution; health care professionals; international area; Germany; Berlin |
| Abstract |
Ein Qualitätsbeauftragter organisiert Qualitätsmassnahmen und agiert als Lotse für die Mitarbeiter, damit sie im Prozess kontinuierlicher Verbesserung ihren Weg gehen können. Er hat eine herausragende, aber keine entscheidende Funktion. Das sorgt nicht nur bei ihm für Irritationen. |
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German |
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Schweiz : 1422-6634; Deutschland : 1862-2623 |
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no |
| Call Number |
50-00271 |
Serial |
59629 |
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| Author |
Hauser-Scherer, Priska; Meyer, Matthias |
| Title |
Praxisbericht : Suchtprävention für arbeitslose Jugendliche in der Schweiz – (k)ein Bedürfnis ? : Ergebnisse einer Machbarkeitsstudie |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Abhängigkeiten : Forschung und Praxis der Prävention und Behandlung |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
2 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
31-35 |
| Keywords |
secondary prevention; licit drug; alcohol abuse; AOD consumption; adolescent; unemployment; social institution; survey; German-speaking Switzerland |
| Abstract |
Eine Projektidee zur Sekundärprävention von Alkoholmissbrauch bei jungen 16- bis 25-jährigen Arbeitslosen wurde untersucht. Mit Hilfe von Einrichtungen, die sich in der Deutschschweiz primär mit Jugendarbeitslosigkeit beschäftigen, sollten junge Arbeitslose mit Alkoholproblemen gefunden und in Präventionsgruppen geleitet werden, um dort neue Kompetenzen im Umgang mit der Arbeitslosigket und dem Alkoholkonsum zu lernen. Zwei Umfagen bei entsprechenden Einrichtungen ergaben ein nur geringes Problembewusstsein und keinen Bedarf an einem entsprechenden Projekt. Arbeitslose Jugendliche in der Schweiz sind nur relativ kurz in dieser Lage. Zudem scheinen sie keine manifesten Alkoholprobleme zu haben. Diese Sichtweise stellen die Autoren der Arbeits- und Sozialbehörden in Frage. |
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German |
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Journal unsicher |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
50-00268 |
Serial |
59628 |
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| Author |
Gianoulakis, C.; Béliveau, D.; Angeloglannl, P.; Meaney, H.; Thavundayll, J.; Tawar, V.; Dumas, M. |
| Title |
Differantial pituitary beta-endorphin and adrenal cortisol response to ethanol in individuals with high and low risk for future developement of alcoholism |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Life Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
45 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1097-1109 |
| Keywords |
Aod; AOD use; AOD consumption; AOD associated consequences; AOD effects and AODR problems; AOD effects and consequences; AOD use initiation; AOD use pattern; alcohol; statistical data; study |
| Abstract |
The purpose of the present studies was to investigate the activity of the adrenal gland and the pituitary beta-endorphin system in individuals from families with a 3 generation history of alcoholism, High Risk group, or from families without history of alcoholism, Low Risk group. All subjects had a medical examination, a drinking behavior personal interview and the Michigan alcoholism Screening Test. Individuals with medical problems or excessive drinking were not included in the study. On the day of testing, a blood sample was taken at 9:00 a.m., then the subject drank a placebo drInk or an ethanol solution (0.5 g ethanol/kg B.Wt.). Additional blood samples were taken at 15, 45 and 120 minutes post-drink. Results indicated that individuals of the High Risk group had lower basal levels of beta-endorphin like immunoreactivity (beta-EPLlR) than individuals of the Low Risk group. The dose of 0.5 g ethanol/kg B.Wt. induced an increase in the plasma content of beta-EPLIR of the High Risk group, but not of the Low Risk group. In the Low Risk group ethanol did not induce an increase above the 9:00 a.m. levels, however, it attenuated the beta-endorphin decrease overtime, observed following the placebo drink. Analysis of beta-endorphin-like peptides in the plasma of the High Risk group, with Sephadex G-75 chromatography indicated that the major component of the plasma beta-EPLIR was beta-lipotropin. Plasma cortisol levels, following ethanol intake presented a small increase in the High Risk group but not in the Low Risk group. Both groups presented similar blood alcohol levels. The basal levels of immunoreactive cortisol and beta-endorphin in the plasma of individuals who were alcoholics, but had been abstinent for at least six months prior to testing were similar to the levels of the High Risk group. Thus there are differences both in the basel levels and In the response of the cortisol and the pituitary beta-endorphin system to an acute ethanol challenge between the two groups. |
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English |
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no |
| Call Number |
50-00240 |
Serial |
59626 |
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| Author |
Summermatter, Doris; Ruckstuhl, Brigitte |
| Title |
Gender – bedeutendes Kriterium für die Projektförderung |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Sozial- und Präventivmedizin = Social and preventive medicine |
Abbreviated Journal |
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48 |
Issue |
6; 12/2003 |
Pages |
394 |
| Keywords |
gender; health promotion; Switzerland |
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German |
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no |
| Call Number |
50-00239 |
Serial |
59625 |
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Genazzi, A. R.; Nappi, G.; Facchinetti, F.; Mazzella, G. L.; Parrini, D.; Sinforani, E.; Petraglia, F.; Savoldi, F. |
| Title |
Entral deficiency of beta-endorphin in alcohol addicts |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism |
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| Volume |
55 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
583-586 |
| Keywords |
AOD dependence; addiction; alcohol; statistical data; study |
| Abstract |
alcohol addiction may induce its dependence through a mechanism involving opiate receptors and opioid peptides. For these reasons, we measured ACTH, beta-lipotropin, and beta-endorphin in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 29 alcohol addicts and compared these values with those found in 8 normal volunteers. Although no significant differences existed in peripheral concentrations of the 3 peptides, alcohol addicts had beta-endorphin levels in CSF (mean +/- SE, 29.4 +/- 4.5 fmol/ml) that were 3-fold lower than those of the controls (98.4 +/- 10.5 fmol/ml; P less than 0.001) and ACTH levels 4 times higher than control values (30.0 +/- 1.8 vs. 7.4 +/- 1.1 fmol/ml in controls; P less than 0.001), while no difference was found in beta-lipotropin levels. These results suggest that alcohol addiction is associated with a marked alteration in the CSF content of proopiocortin-related peptides which may play a role in the alcohol-seeking behavior typical of the syndrome. |
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0021-972x |
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no |
| Call Number |
50-00236 |
Serial |
59624 |
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